L12 Journal club Flashcards
During menstruation, the ___ ___ is dicarded, and there are low circulating levels of ____ and ____ which signal the anterior pituitary gland to release ____. FSH matures an ___ ___ into an egg, and mediates _____ synthesis. Ovulation is triggered by circulating _____ binding to receptors in the ____ ___ to release ____. The ____ _____ releases progesterone and estrogen and the uterus prepares for ______. If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum ___ __ and there is a drop in progesterone and estrogen levels
uterine lining, estrogen progesterone, FSH, ovarian follicle, estrogen, estrogen, pituitary gland, LH, corpus luteum, pregnancy, breaks down
Progesterones and estrogens provide _____ feedback on day 12-14 of the menstrual cycle to the HPA axis, and negative feedback during ___ of the cycle
positive, most
Oral contraceptives maintain ____ hormone levels and ____ the release of other hormones. It prevents ______, as the steady levels of estrogens or progesterones in the body trick the ____ ___ into thinking a woman is already pregnant, stopping it from releasing hormones that stimulate ovulation. Progesterones promote the formation of a thicker layer of ___ ___, which makes it difficult for sperm to reach the uterus and also affects the uterine ___ to make it harder for the egg to attach
consistent, suppresses, ovulation, pituitary gland, cervical mucus, lining
Oral contraceptive use can influence non-reproductive related behaviour such as reduced perseverence and performance on ____ tasks, altered ___ ___, changes in ___ __ and lower ___ ____.
cognitive, emotional memory, partner preference, relationship satisfaction
While estradiol _____ HPA function, progesterone inhibits ___ release
facilitates, ACTH
During pregnancy and OC use, there is higher baseline _____ ___ similar to those with chronic depression. There is also a shift in peak salivary cortisol to later ____ and a ____ decrease throughout the day.
plasma cortisol, morning, protracted
As only ___% of cortisol is available in the blood to exert a function, ___ cortisol is a better representation of the amount of free, bioavailable cortisol. Salivary measurements do not depend on ____ /____ while blood measurements do
3-5, salivary flow/circulation
Oral contraceptives may exert influences on stress and ___ ___. OC users commonly experience ____ ____ and are at heightened risk of developing ____ _____ ____ due to the HPA axis _____.
emotional processing, mood swings, mental health disorders, dysregulation
In pederson et al.’s study, a pre-test consisted of an inclusion of other in self scale, a measure of ____ with others, as well as the positive and negative affect scale to measure ___ during the blood collection
closeness, mood
The group activities in pederson et al.’s study consisted of ___ minutes of noncompetitive board games, ___, and sharing ___.
15, singing, stories
The post test consisted of blood collected ____ minutes after the group interaction. The problem with this is that ACTH will not peak until about ____ minutes after a stressor, and cortisol will only peak an ____ after a stressor. The participants completed the ____ again after. All the data was collected between ____pm.
- 15-20, hour, surveys, 6-8
ELISA was used with the blood samples. The blood is placed in a ___ and separated into layers. ___% is the top, which is the ___ filled with salts, water, proteins and ____. The second layer is 1% ____ ____ which are the white blood cells and platelets. The last ____% is the bottom ____ ____ cells. Known progesterone concentrations were used to create a ___ ___ to compare the samples against.
centrifuge, 55, plasma, minerals, buffy coat, 45, red blood, standard curve
The acute physical and ___ stressor was the anticipation and ______ for blood collection.
psychological, venipuncture
The independent variables
oral contraceptive use, menstrual stage, social interaction induced stress alleviation
Dependent variable
ACTH, estrogen, progesterone, mood, closeness to others assay