Lower respiratory tract infections in children Flashcards

1
Q

what are common infections in children in the lower respiractry tract

A

pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, empyamea, tracheitis

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2
Q

what are the common bacterial infective agent

A

strep pneumoniae, haemmphilius influenza, moraxella catarrhalis, mycoplasma pneumonia,

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3
Q

what are common viral infective agens

A

rhinovirus, rsv, parainflunza III, influenza, adenovirus, coronavirus, human meta pneumo virus

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4
Q

what is the sign of trachetis

A

coup which does not get better,
fever, striotr, coughing up flem

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5
Q

does trachetis require antibitics

A

yes

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6
Q

what causes tracheitis,

A

strep or staph

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7
Q

what causes bronchis

A

heamophilus/ pnemonococcus

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8
Q

what ages is boncitis common

A

1-4

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9
Q

what type of cough is bronctis

A

loose rattling

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10
Q

when doe bacterial broncitis occur

A

as a secondayr infection

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11
Q

what is rsv

A

respirtory syncytial virus, cause cold and flu like symptons

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12
Q

what is the norma duratoin of a cough

A

15-25 days

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13
Q

should you treat cough

A

no, its part of innnate immune respone

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14
Q

what pecret of inflateis get bronchiolitiis

A

30-40%

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15
Q

which infatnat are most at risk of bronchioitis

A

those with older symptonand born after 1st august

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16
Q

what is the normal duration fo bronchiotitis

A

5-16 days

17
Q

what virus causes Bronchiectasis exasherbations

A

rsv, and para flue 111 and hmpv

18
Q

what are signs of bronchiolitiis

A

nasal stuffiness, tracypnoea, poor feeding

19
Q

what is the treatment of bronchiolitis

A

max observation, minimal intervetins

20
Q

what is teh obeservationrequired for broinctis

A

maily o2 sat and hydratoin

21
Q

what medication
can be used for bronchiolitis

A

none

22
Q

what does a wheeze mean

A

most likely viral

23
Q

what are signs of nemoia

A

in one area, and high temps, creps

24
Q

what is safteynetting required for possible develpomet of pnemonia

A

incraeased breathlessnes, reduced fluid intake, less responsiveness, fever not settled

25
Q

is there a large difference between oral and iv anti biotica

A

no

26
Q

when is oral antibitotifcs needed

A

if child is vomiting r severe infecytion

27
Q

when will you normally see the peak of symptoms in bronchiolitis

A

after about 3 days

28
Q

what anitbitic should be hused for lower respitary tact infection when requeed

A

amoxillin

29
Q

what is ertussis

A

whooping cough

30
Q

who can get whooping cous

A

anyone unvaccinated 1 in 500 vaccinated

31
Q

what does epyaema develop from in children

A

pneomia

32
Q

whnat is the terattmet for empyaema

A

antibitics iv

33
Q

what is augmentin

A

amoxicllin and clavulanci acid

34
Q

what is the treament for trancheitis

A

augmetiin