Diagnosis and stadging of lung cancer

Question 1

what is a pulmonary noduel

Answer 1

a opacity in the lung up to 3cm with no medialstinal adenopathy or atlectasis

Question 2

what is a pulmonary mass

Answer 2

a opacity in the lung over 3cm with no mediastial adenopathy or atelectasis

Question 3

what is a atelectasis

Answer 3

partial collapse of the lung

Question 4

hamartoma

Answer 4

disorganzied tissue in the lung

Question 5

what is t lung stadging

Answer 5

how big it is and how farti it as sprea

Question 6

what is n ludge stading

Answer 6

where the cell has spread to lymph nodes

Question 7

what is m lung stadging

Answer 7

wheter the tumor has spread anywher else in the body i.e. metastes

Question 8

what can detect t lung stading

Answer 8

ct, pet, bronchosopcy

Question 9

what scanners can detect n lung staging

Answer 9

pet-ct, mediatinoscopy, ct, ebus/eus

Question 10

what scanners can detect m lung staging

Answer 10

pet - ct, ct, bone scans

Question 11

what is fdg

Answer 11

Fluorodeoxyglucose, used to show the uptake of glucose in the body

Question 12

what is the metasat of nodes greater than 4 cm

Answer 12

100%

Question 13

what is a mediastinoscopy

Answer 13

look at mediastul through a camera passed tough sholder area, sample the nodes as well

Question 14

mediastinaomoty

Answer 14

look at anteria mediastinal dneoes

Question 15

tx

Answer 15

tumor cannot be assesed

Question 16

t0

Answer 16

no evidence of priary tumor

Question 17

tis

Answer 17

carcinoma in situ

Question 18

t1 size, t1a, b, c

Answer 18

t1 - less than 3cm
t1a - less than 1cm
t1b - 1 -2 cm
t1c - 2-3 cm

Question 19

where is teh location of t1

Answer 19

in the tissue in the lungs, no attached to choncus

Question 20

what is the invasion of t1 and t2

Answer 20

none

Question 21

what is the size of t2 an t2a, b

Answer 21

t2 - 3-5cm
t2a - 3-4 cm
t2b -4-5 cm

Question 22

where are t2 tumors found

Answer 22

main bronchous,

Question 23

what can t2 tumors cause

Answer 23

atelectatsis or obsutive pnumatiis

Question 24

what local invasion can the t2 extended

Answer 24

viceral plura

Question 25

what size is t3

Answer 25

5-7 cm

Question 26

where can t3 invade locally

Answer 26

chest wall, phrenic nerve, parental plura an dparential pericardium

Question 27

what seperte tumor modes can t3 be found in in

Answer 27

same lobe as primary tumor

Question 28

what size is t4

Answer 28

greater than 7cm

Question 29

where can t4 be found

Answer 29

carina or treaceha

Question 30

what is the local invasion of t4

Answer 30

diaphram, ediastium , heart, greatervessles, learygeal nerve, esophagus, vertebarel

Question 31

where can seperate tumor moduels be found

Answer 31

ispilateral lobes

Question 32

what is no

Answer 32

no lymph lobes spread to

Question 33

what is n1

Answer 33

ipsilateral peribroncail, hilary or intrapulmnary nnodes

Question 34

n2

Answer 34

ispilateral mediastium, subcrainal

Question 35

n3

Answer 35

contralateral mediastinal , contralateral hilar, scalene, supracalvialuar

Question 36

what is m0

Answer 36

no metastais

Question 37

m1, m1a,b,c

Answer 37

distant meatiasion
m1a - seperate modules in conralalerla lobe, tumor with pleura or pericardial noduesl or maolicared plure or pericareid effusion
m1b - single distant metastasis,
m1c - multiple distant metastates

Question 38

what is in 1a and 1b stages

Answer 38

1A t1, no, mo
1B - t2 no,mo

Question 39

what is in IIa and b stages

Answer 39

IIa - t1, n1, mo
IIB - t2,n1, mo or t3 n2 mo

Question 40

what is IIIa and IIIb and IIIC

Answer 40

IIIA - t1/T2 and N2
IIIB - T3/T4 and N2 or t1/t2 N3
IIIC - T3/t4 and N3

Question 41

what is 4A or 4B

Answer 41

4A - any t any n , m1a or M1b
4B - any t, any n, m1c