lung cancer clinical features and staging

Question 1

what percent of lung cancer patients are smoker

Answer 1

85%

Question 2

what geneder is smoking more common in

Answer 2

males

Question 3

what age is the highest proportion of cancers in

Answer 3

elderly - 80s and 98 yeaar olds

Question 4

is m ortaily increasing or decreasing in lung cancers

Answer 4

decreasing

Question 5

what risk factors other than smoking contribute to cancer

Answer 5

asbestos, radon, air pollution and desil exahust

Question 6

what are the 10 clincail feautrs of lung cancer

Answer 6

chronic cough, coughting up blood, wheezing sound, chest and bone pain, chest infections, difficulty swallowing, raspy hoarse voice, shortness of breath, unexplained weight loss, nail clubbing

Question 7

what are the symptons of metasticic cancer speead

Answer 7

bone pain, spinal courd compression (limb weakness, paraestheis, bladder and bowl dysfunction), cerebak metatis ( headaches, vomiting, dizziness, ataxia, focal weakness. thrombosis `

Question 8

what are the signs of paraneoplisic

Answer 8

hyponatraemia, anaemia, hypercalcaemia, dermamyosistis, eaton - larbert syndrome, cerebellar ataxia, sensorimotor neuropathy

Question 9

eaton lambert syndrom

Answer 9

immune system attacks the nervous system

Question 10

dermatomyosistis

Answer 10

inflamation of musle tissues

Question 11

what are the clincial signs of lung cancer

Answer 11

chest sings, clubbing, lymphadenopathy, horners syndrome, pancosat tumor, superior vena cava obstruction, hepatomegaly, skin nodules.

Question 12

what is the initial investigations for lung cancer

Answer 12

cxr, fbc, renal and liver fucntions, clotting screen, spirometry

Question 13

what is ebus

Answer 13

guiding a needle thorugh mri to drain a lymph node in broncial medal stienum

Question 14

what tissue metastiac diagnois can be done

Answer 14

broncospcpy, ebus, image guided lung biopsy, image gudined liver biosby, fna of neck node or skin metastatis, excision of central mettstti, bone biopsy, mediastinoscpy/otomy

Question 15

what type of scanners are sed for liver biopys

Answer 15

either ct or mri

Question 16

what is the most common type of lung cancer

Answer 16

adenocarcinoma (40%

Question 17

what is the top 3 type of lung cancer

Answer 17

adenocaring (40%), suamous cell carinoma ( 30%), small cell carcinoma ( 15%), large cell carcineom (10%)

Question 18

where is adenocarcinoma found

Answer 18

in glands i.e. epitheilu tissue

Question 19

what is the stadging of primary tumors

Answer 19

eith t for primary tumor or m for metastasis tumor

Question 20

what does tx mean

Answer 20

tumor cannon be asses

Question 21

what is to

Answer 21

no evidnce of tumor

Question 22

what percent of patients with stadge 1 live more than 1 year

Answer 22

80

Question 23

what percent of patines with tadge 2 live more than 1 year

Answer 23

80

Question 24

what percen tof patine with stadge 3 lie more than 1 year

Answer 24

50

Question 25

hat percecnt of patients with stadge four live more than 1 year

Answer 25

20

Question 26

what does a pet scan involve

Answer 26

use of sugar contrast for stadging

Question 27

what is a 0 - 4 on performance status

Answer 27

0 - fully active, 1 - sympotons but arberty , 2 - up and about more than 50 per cent of the time , 3 - bed bound more than 50% of the time, 4 - fully bedbound

Question 28

what percent of patiens guts surgery for lung cancer

Answer 28

up to 18%

Question 29

whta is the surgicall options for lung cancer

Answer 29

wedge resectoins, lobectomy, pneumonectormy,

Question 30

what is the radiotherly optons

Answer 30

radical, pallitive, sterectoatic

Question 31

what is the chemotherapy options fo lung cancer

Answer 31

pallative, combined with radiothery, tartved e.g. tyrosine kinase inhibtors or monoclonal antibionds

Question 32

what are example tyroosine kinaes inhibor or monochronl antibiodes

Answer 32

erlotinib, gefinib, crizotinib

Question 33

what chemothroy agenst works on all lung cancers

Answer 33

cisplatin

Question 34

what is the alternative chemopther agent for small cell cancers

Answer 34

etoposide

Question 35

what is the alternative chemothery agent for adenocarcinoma

Answer 35

pemetrexed

Question 36

what is the alternative chemtheropy treament for squamous cancers

Answer 36

gemcitabine.

Question 37

what are possiblities for patlive care mamage

Answer 37

opiates, benzodiasipas , biphosphonates (osteoperosis)
treating synnptons
radiothery for pain an dhaemoptysis
chemotherapy