COPD clinical features and treatment Flashcards
(50 cards)
is copd reversible
no
what effect does emphyseam have on alveoi
damages surface making it less able to pass air
separates alveli
what is the effect on broncitis
increased about of mucous and inflamed broncail tube wall
what is prevalce
no of peopl in population with the condition each year
what is incidence
no. of new people with the disease over a set period
what gender does copd mainly effect
males
what occupations are most at risk from copd
ariculte, brick making, mining, constuction, dock workers, flour and grain workers in the food industry, petroleum works, rubber, plastics,stone masonry
are larger or smaller lungs more supeiclbe to copd
smaller
what are common causes of copd
chroinc bronchitis, lower social eachion status, asthma, childhood infection
elastase
released by neutiophils in lungs in repsoe to chemical from cigarette smoke
what is teh functino of aat
alpha 1 antitrypisin is a protese inhibtroy proded by the liver and reduces the damage of cigarette smoke, some people can have deficies in it
what other disdse can a lack of aat cause
liver fibrois or cirrhosis
what percent of smokers deveolp copd during their lifetime if they smoke for more than 25 years
25
what is the fletcher peto curve
descibres that your fev can still stop declig at accelerated rate at any point if you stop smoking, you will never get your lost fev back
what are commonsymtons of copd
couggh, breathlessness, sputum, wheezing ( bronchoitis), frequent chest infections,
what are other symptons of copd
weight loss ( emysema) , fatique and swolen ankles (in bronchitis), use of expresity musles
what effect can smoking during pregnacy have on the child
feotal lung growth and primingy of immune system
what is jvp and is it seen more in
raised jugular pressure
what is teh mmrc breathlessness scale
puts someone on the scale of how easily they become breathlessnes, where the 0 is most people, ( strenough exercise) and the 4 is not able to leave house due to being breathlessness
what are the 4 level of spiromy for copd
1 - mild - fev` above 80%
2- moderate - fev
3 - severe - fev 30- 40
four. v. severe - fev less than 30
what features of a chest x ray are seen with a patient with copd
vascular hilda enlarged , hyper inflatoin of lungs, bulla (empysema) , small heart, flat diaphram
do copd symptons cahnge ever
no generaly same throgh day and night, can be worse with flair ups
what age is copd normaly common
when aged over 35 years
what is the level of kco and dl like in copd
the retention of kco is reduced in copd due reduced surface area of alveoi
