Ruminant Thoracic & Pelvic Limb Osteology (9)

Question 1

What is this?

Answer 1

scapular cartilage

Question 2

T/F: Ruminants have an acromion

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

In ruminants, the [supraspinous/infraspinous] fossa is bigger

Answer 3

infraspinous

Question 4

Large animals humerus doesn’t have a _______

Answer 4

supratrochlear foramen

Question 5

The ______ of the humerus is pyramid in shape

Answer 5

greater tubercle

Question 6

Label 1-9

Answer 6

1. greater tubercle
2. lesser tubercle
3. head and neck
4. deltoid tuberosity
5. condyle and epicondyle
6. lateral ridge
7. trochlea
8. radial fossa
9. olecranon fossa

Question 7

The _____ and _____ are fused with [1/2/3] parts

Answer 7

ulna
radius
3 - proximal, middle, and distal

Question 8

Label 1-5

Answer 8

1. olecranon
2. olecranon tuberosity
3. anconeal process
4. coronoid process
5. trochlear notch
6. ulnar styloid processes (lateral)
7. radius styloid process (medial)

Question 9

Label 1-6

Answer 9

1. radial carpal bone
2. intermediate
3. ulnar carpal bone
4. accessory carpal bone
5. carpus II & III (fused)
6. carpal IV

Question 10

Label 1, 4, 5, 18

Answer 10

1 radial carpal bone

4 accessory carpal bone with ulnar carpal bone

5 carpal II & III

18 ulnar styloid process

Question 11

Metacarpal bones ____ and _____ are fused in ruminants

Answer 11

III & IV

Question 12

In the ruminant, metacarpal bone ____ is vestigial (forming a small remnant) and lateral

Answer 12

V

Question 13

In the ruminant, they have separated ______

Answer 13

trochleas

Question 14

Label 1-5

Answer 14

1. proximal sesamoid
2. distal sesamoid
3. proximal phalanx
4. middle phalanx
5. distal phalanx

Question 15

In the ruminant, which ligaments act like a frog?

Answer 15

palmar/plantar annular ligament of digital flexors
proximal interdigital ligaments
distal digital annular ligaments

Question 16

Label 1-4

Answer 16

1. palmar/plantar annular ligament of digital flexors
2. proximal interdigital ligament
3. distal digital annular ligament
4. distal interdigital lig (deep & superficial)

Question 17

What are the topographic regions of the pelvic limb?

Answer 17

pelvic region
femoral region
crus region
pes

Question 18

What are the bony cores of the pelvis on the ruminant? They converge in a ______

Answer 18

ilium
ischium
pubis
acetabulum

Question 19

The ______ has two lunate surfaces: the _____ and ______

Answer 19

acetabulum
major
minor

Question 20

Label 1-3

Answer 20

1. coxal tuber
2. sacral tuber
3. ischial tuber - described as “triangular”

Question 21

Label 1-9

Answer 21

Ilium: 1-3
1. body
2. wing
3. gluteal facies
Ischium 4-6
4. tabula
5. ischial tuber
6. ischial arch
Pubis 7-9
7. cranial branch
8. caudal branch
9. obturator foramen

Question 22

Label 1-5

Answer 22

1. head
2. greater trochanter
3. lesser trochanter
4. intertrochanteric ridge
5. trochanteric fossa

Question 23

Label 6-11

Answer 23

6. supracondylar fossa
7. femoral trochlea, with two ridges (medial; more developed)
8. femoral groove
9. distal epiphysis, condyle (lateral & medial)
10. lateral/medial epicondyle
11. intercondylar fossa

Question 24

Label 1-5

Answer 24

1. fibula (vestigial) - malleolar bone
2. lateral condyle
3. medial condyle
4. cranial intercondylar area
5. caudal intercondylar area

Question 25

Label 6-11

Answer 25

6. lateral intercondylar eminence
7. medial intercondylar eminence
8. tibial tuberosity
9. tibial crest (ridge)
10. cochlea
11. medial malleolus

Question 26

Label 1-5 (remember this is a ruminant)

Answer 26

1. calcanean
2. talus
3. central + IV (centroquartile)
4. talus II/III
5. talus I

Question 27

Label 1-4

Answer 27

1. ischial tuber
2. tuber coxae
3. greater trochanter
4. patella