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Bacteriology > Erysipelothrix + Listeria > Flashcards

Erysipelothrix + Listeria Flashcards

1
Q

Which ERYSIPELOTHRIX can infect fish, birds, mammals, and swine especially?

A

E. rhusiopathiae

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2
Q

Which bacterium is Gram positive, nonspore forming, facultatively anaerobic, with slender rods and alpha hemolysis?

A

E. rhusiopathiae

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3
Q

When E. rhusiopathiae infects swine what is it called?

A

Erysipelas

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4
Q

Bacterial infection of the superficial layer of the skin (upper dermis), characterized by a raised, well defined, red rash on the the skin is what infection in swine?

A

Erysipelas

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5
Q

In humans, what infection does E. tonsillarum cause?

A

Erysipeloid

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6
Q

E. rhusiopathiae primary reservoir is what species?

A

swine but common on fish skin

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7
Q

What is the habitat for E. rhusiopathiae?

A

Present in sewage or ground contaminated with feces. *but it doesnt survive too long in environment

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8
Q

What is the mode of infection for E. rhusiopathiae?

A

ingestion or scratches/wounds

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9
Q

The following virulence factors belong to what bacterium? Capsule: Acidic Polysaccharide. Surface proteins: Adhesion. Hyaluronidase: Spreading factor. Neuraminidase: Cleaves sialic acid on the cell surface, leading to vascular damage and thrombus formation. Type III hypersensitivity: Aarthritis

A

E. rhusiopathiae

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10
Q

What age of pig is more susceptible to Erysipelas?

A

3 mo to 3 yr

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11
Q

How do swine become infected with Erysipelas?

A

Infection of pigs orally via fish meal , contaminated feed, water; skin wounds, insect bites

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12
Q

What form of Erysipelas presents this way - acute in young pigs: fever, red/purple skin patches, death if untreated

A

septicemic form

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13
Q

Which form of Erysipelas presents this way - less acute, diamond shaped red, raised areas lead to necrosis which leads to scabs (thrombi - > lesions)

A

skin form

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14
Q

Which form of Erysipelas presents as arthritis and endocarditis?

A

chronic form

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15
Q

Skin lesions due to Erysipelas occur when in regards to infection?

A

Appear on days 2 to 3 and disappear on days 4 to 7.

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16
Q

If the lesions caused by E. rhusiopathiae are Dark purplish to red?

A

likely death

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17
Q

In sheep and cattle, what is the common clinical sign of Erysipelas?

A

Polyarthritis

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18
Q

In which sex of Turkeys is Erysipelas more common?

A

males

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19
Q

How does Erysipelas present in Turkeys?

A

Acute: swollen snoods, septicemia, death

20
Q

How do we treat Erysipelas in Turkeys?

A

Treat: Penicillin IM. Vaccinate problem flocks

21
Q

How would we diagnose Erysipelas?

A

Clinical Signs: Fever, arthritis, and skin lesions. Bacteriological examination. Recovery within 24 to 36 hours with penicillin.

22
Q

What medications can be used to treat Erysipelas?

A

Penicillin, Tetracycline, Lincomyosin, and Tylosine

23
Q

In humans, how does Erysipelas present?

A

inflammation of skin, SQ lesions

24
Q

What is the term Erysipelas is given when it infects humans? (laymen’s term)

A

Fish Handlers Disease

25
Q

What infection does Listeria cause?

A

Listeriosis

26
Q

Is Listeria a contagious diseas?

A

No, non contagious food born infection

27
Q

What species is Listeria primarily seen in?

A

cattle and sheep

28
Q

Which Listeria spp. presents as gram positive rods, nonspore forming, food born pathogen, tumbling motility, and growth at 3-45 C?

A

L. monocytogenes

29
Q

Where can Listeria be found?

A

Isolated from soil, feces, plants, decaying vegetation and silage (pH 5.5).

30
Q

Which species of Listeria can be excreted in bovine milk?

A

L. monocytogenes

31
Q

What infection is common to have pathogenesis involving trigeminal nerve causing circling disease, abortions and stillbirth, and meningitis?

A

Listeria

32
Q

What are the four forms of Listeriosis seen in Ruminants?

A

•CNS infection •Abortion •Septicemia •Mastitis

33
Q

What form of Listeria in ruminants is seen as Meningoencephalitis (adult) and meningitis (pre ruminant calves) being common in winter/early spring?

A

CNS form

34
Q

The CNS of listeria can have what clinical signs?

A

Depression, drooping ears, animal holds the head to one side, protrusion of the tongue, salivation, paralysis of the face. Circling disease!*death in 2-3 days

35
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Listeriosis in CNS form?

A

bacteria travel through nerves but its poorly understood. Begins with trigeminal branch in oral cavity

36
Q

Why would it be difficult to diagnose CNS form?

A

no gross lesions, may be meningitis. Has perivascular cuffing

37
Q

The following describe which form of listeria in ruminants? Visceral listeriosis. More common in the young. More common in monogastrics (any age) Clinical signs: Depression, dyspnea, salivation, nasal discharge, and lacrimation.

A

septicemic form

38
Q

Focal necrosis of liver, spleen, and lymph nodes; Enteritis and Myocardial necrosis would indicate what type of infection?

A

Listeria: septicemic form

39
Q

How does Listeriosis present in horses and chickens? What about pigs, dogs and cats?

A

Horses: Septicemic form. Chickens: Encephalitis. rare in other species

40
Q

Since listeria is a zoonotic pathogen, how do humans get infected?

A

food born pathogen via milk and milk products, cold meat cuts.

41
Q

Listeriosis is a concern for what type of individuals?

A

Pregnant women: abortion immune compromised adults: meningitis

42
Q

How is listeriosis treated?

A

-Cattle and sheep are not treated. -Live attenuated vaccine

43
Q

How do we control listeriosis?

A

Not feeding spoiled silage! Isolation of sick animals. Quick disposal of dead animals. Disposal of contaminated beddings.

44
Q

What species is Listeria Ivanovii commonly seen in?

A

sheep

45
Q

What are the general characteristics of Listeriosis in ruminants?

A

Sporadic, serious disease in dairy and beef cattle. Poor quality silage. Four forms: CNS, Abortion, Septicemic, Mastitis. Antibiotic treatment is not advisable. No vaccine in the US. Control: Elimination of the source; antibiotics in feed.

46
Q

Arthritis or diamond skin conditions in pigs are LIKELY to be caused by…? A. Arcanobacterium pyogenes B. Staphylococcus hyicus C. Streptococcus suis D. Streptococcus agalactiae E. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

A

E. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

47
Q

Concerning Listeriosis in ruminants, which statement is accurate? A. Meningitis and abortion does not occur. B. Bad silage is a common cause. C. Disease cannot occur in both sheep and cattle. D. Listeriosis is a highly contagious disease. E. Presently, there are effective vaccines

A

B. Bad silage is a common cause.

Bacteriology (26 decks)

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