Unit 9.4 Flashcards
Group Influences on Behavior and Mental Processes
Social Facilitation
Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others.
Social Inhibition
Inability of people to perform complex or unfamiliar tasks in the presence of observers or competitors.
Social Loafing
The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable.
Deindividuation
Process of losing self-awareness and self-restraint when you are in a crowd.
Group Polarization
A phenomenon where in the decisions and opinions of people in a group setting become more extreme than their actual, privately held beliefs.
Groupthink
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
Bystander Effect
Occurs when the presence of others discourages an individual from intervening in an emergency situation.
Diffusion of Responsibility
Someone is less likely to take responsibility when other people are present.
Social Exchange Theory
Relationships are made up of a certain amount of give-and-take; we need to feel that we get back what we put in a relationship.
Reciprocity Norm
If someone does something for you, you feel obligated to return the favor.
Social Traps
People act to obtain short-term individual gains which in the long-run leads to a loss fro the group as a whole.
Prisoner’s Dilemma
Situation where outcome depends on the choice made by the other.
Superordinate Goals
Goals that require the cooperation of two or more people or groups to achieve, which usually results in rewards to the groups.
