Principles Trauma

Question 0

Cr can transfer images more than one ____

Answer 0

Cr can transfer images more than one location

Question 1

Wide exposure latitude of cr helps trauma?

Improved ______of image

Reduce ______due to (2)

Answer 1

Improved consistency of image

Reduce repeats due to positioning and technique

Question 2

Important for cr/dr (2)

Answer 2

Collimating and accurate centering

Question 3

Collimating in trauma

Can eliminate primary beam interaction with foreign objects such as metal coins, or objects in a backboard , which can cause _____which degrades image

Answer 3

Can eliminate primary beam interaction with foreign objects such as metal coins, or objects in a backboard , which can cause scatter which degrades image

Question 4

For trauma all images must be close to ____ images

Answer 4

For trauma all images must be close to true images

Question 5

In trauma two projections must be ____degrees from each other or r____ angles. To do this angle or center to get cr part ir alignment

Preference is(2) positions

Answer 5

In trauma two projections must be 90 degrees from each other or right angles. To do this angle or center to get cr part ir alignment

Preference is ap/pa and true lateral

Question 6

Exception to true ap/pa and lateral rule

Should attempt so close to ____position as possible even if partially rotated or obliqued, only last resort is____image

Answer 6

Should attempt so close to true position as possible even if partially rotated or obliqued, only last resort is one image

Question 7

Exception to cr- part ir alignment rule

Many times ____ part relationship maintained but not part ___ part

Answer 7

Many times cr part relationship maintained but not part ir

Question 8

Entire structure or trauma area on xray

Trauma requires entire trauma structure on ___radiograph to make sure no pathology missed

Upper and lower limbs should include ____joints to rule out secondary fractures away from primary injury

Answer 8

Trauma requires entire trauma structure on one radiograph to make sure no pathology missed

Upper and lower limbs should include both joints to rule out secondary fractures away from primary injury

Question 9

Always include a joint rule

All upper and lower limbs follow up exams, always include a minimum of one joint _____to site of injury

Answer 9

All upper and lower limbs follow up exams, always include a minimum of one joint nearest to site of injury

Question 10

Bony thorax, chest , abdomen rule

Include entire structure or ____region applies to these body areas too

Answer 10

Include entire structure or trauma region applies to these body areas too

Question 11

Beam should be ____for lateral projection

Answer 11

Beam should be horizontal for lateral projection

Question 12

Principle three: maintain safety of patient, health care workers, and public

Side ____must be lowered to allow cassette under patient, but should be out back quick and safe. Never assume patient unable to ____. Side ___must be returned up even if they weren’t before

Answer 12

Side rails must be lowered to allow cassette under patient, but should be out back quick and safe. Never assume patient unable to move. Side rails must be returned up even if they weren’t before

Question 13

During trauma , make sure no exposure taken with unshielded person in the area of ___ft

Answer 13

6

Question 14

ALARA applies to 3

Answer 14

ALARA applies to health care worked, public, and patient

Question 15

Death peaks

Answer 15

Injury head/brain
Major blood vessels
Upper spinal cord
Cerebral bleeds
Liver laceration
Spleen laceration 
Fractured femur with blood loss
Pneumonia
Respiratory distress 
Pulmonary emboli

Question 16

Seven basic rules for trauma

1. Always take a cross table lateral ___spine; get ___approval to go on
2. Don’t ___-think thoroughly of what you are going to do don’t be distracted by patient’s condition; use universal precautions
3. Obtain two projections at ____angles when ever possible standard AP-PA and lateral projections or use creative to angling or positioning
4. Make sure Central Ray is ____to film and injuried part is ___ to middle of film
5. Make sure everything is on ___film-including the entire structure. If you have to use two films make sure that there is overlapping
6. Fractured extremities-move entire limb as __ unit with support on both ends
7. Never force a ___to bend

Answer 16

1. Always take a cross table lateral cervical spine; get physician approval to go on
2. Don’t panic-think thoroughly of what you are going to do don’t be distracted by patient’s condition; use universal precautions
3. Obtain two projections at 90° angles when ever possible standard AP-PA and lateral projections or use creative to angling or positioning
4. Make sure Central Ray is centered to film and injuried part is centered to middle of film
5. Make sure everything is on one film-including the entire structure. If you have to use two films make sure that there is overlapping
6. Fractured extremities-move entire limb as one unit with support on both ends
7. Never force a joint to bend

Question 17

Tips on working quickly

____-plan ahead, prepare yourself, have proper number of cassettes, grids,sponges, accessory equipment, portable machine, etc.

Trauma bed-special gurney with ___running full length of bed for cassette placement

Portable machine-no guesswork, be familiar with its ___

___ taking-nature of accident, location of injuries, pain severity, when did trauma occur, prior injury to same site

Proper ___

Radiographer calls er physician when; 5

Answer 17

Organization-plan ahead, prepare yourself, have proper number of cassettes, grids,sponges, accessory equipment, portable machine, etc.

Trauma bed-special gurney with tray running full length of bed for cassette placement

Portable machine-no guesswork, be familiar with its operation

History taking-nature of accident, location of injuries, pain severity, when did trauma occur, prior injury to same site

Communication

Radiographer calls er physician when; respiration changes, skin color changes, mental status changes, wounds, bleeding from ears or nose

Question 18

Techniques for Casts

Small and medium increase __-___KVp

Large cast ___ x mas or ___-___K VP

Fiberglass increase__-____KVp

Answer 18

Small and medium increase 5-7 KVp

Large cast two times mas or 8 to 10 K VP

Fiberglass increase 3-4 KVp