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French Wine Scholar Course 2023 > SW France Pt 6 - AOCs of Pyrennees and IGP > Flashcards

SW France Pt 6 - AOCs of Pyrennees and IGP Flashcards

1
Q

What is the topographical influence on the Pyrennes AOCs?

A

They all benefit from the warm, dry Foehn winds that chase away humidity and bring clear skies.

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2
Q

Which AOC is on the Nive River?

A

Irouleguy.

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3
Q

Which rivers are Bearn and Jurancon AOCs located between?

A

Gave d’Oloron and Gave de Pau.

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4
Q

Which two important AOCs cluster around the Adour River?

A

Madiran and Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh.

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5
Q

What are the important white and red grapes of the Pyrenees sub-region?

A

White: Gros Manseng and Petit Manseng;
Red: Tannat

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6
Q

How is Gros Manseng used in the Pyrenees sub-region?

A

It is used to bring freshness to the dry wines of Jurancon, Saint-Mont and Pacherene du Vic-Bilh.

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7
Q

How is Petit Manseng used in the Pyrenees sub-region?

A

It develps high sugar levels so is used inthe sweet wines of Jurancon and Pacherene du Vic-Bilh.

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8
Q

Where is Tannat native to?

A

The Adour River Basin.

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9
Q

How is Tannat used in the Pyrenees sub-region?

A

In the red wines of Madiran and Saint-Mont. It is late ripening with tight clusters high in sugar and tannin.

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10
Q

Which international grape are important in the Pyreneean sub-region?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet France as blending partners.

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11
Q

Which four AOCs are clustered along the Ardour River on the fringes of Armagnac?

A

Madiran; Pacherene du Vic-Bilh;Saint-Mont; Tursan AOCs.

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12
Q

Where is Madiran located in Gascony?

A

On the left bank of the Adour River, equidistant from both the Atlantic and the Pyrenees. It is bordered by Saint-Mont to the north.

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13
Q

What is the climate in Madiran?

A

The weather is warm and dry during the growing season and has ample rainfall in Winter and Spring.

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14
Q

How does the Foehn winds affect Madiran?

A

It brings warm dry air and mitigates humidity and reduces disease pressure.

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15
Q

What are the soils of Madiran?

A

Pebble-studded limestone-rich clays and silts. Many contain iron.

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16
Q

When was Madiran AOC awarded? styles? Grapes?

A

Awarded 1948 for red only.
Red:(P) Tannat
(S) Cab Franc, Cab Sauv, Fer Servadou.

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17
Q

What is the amount of Tannat that must be in the wines of Madiran? What are its common blend partners?

A

At least 50%. Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon and Fer Servadou are partners.

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18
Q

What is “Pinenc” in Madiran?

A

Madiran name for Fer Servadou.

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19
Q

What is Bouchy in Madiran?

A

Cabernet Franc local name.

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20
Q

What is the character of Madiran red wines?

A

Deeply tannic, well structured which typically require time in cellar to soften and mellow.

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21
Q

Where is Pacherene du Vic-Bilh located?

A

It shares the same geographical area as Madiran.

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22
Q

How does Pacherene du Vic-Bilh differ from Madiran?

A

It is for white wines only.

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23
Q

When was Pacherene du Vic-Bilh AOC awarded? Styles? Grapes?

A

Awarded in 1948 for dry and sweet white only;
White:(P) Gros Manseng, Petit Manseng, Courbu, Petit Courbou.

24
Q

What is the blend rule for dry whites of Pacherene du Vic-Bilh AOC?

A

Must contain at least two varieties of which one must be a primary grape.

25
Q

What is the blend rule for sweet whites of Pacherene du Vic-Bilh AOC?

A

Must contain at least two varieties of which one must be primary.

26
Q

What is the RS requirement for sweet whites of Pacherene du Vic-Bilh AOC?

A

Minimum of 4.5% (45g/L)

27
Q

How are grapes for sweet whites of Pacherene du Vic-Bilh AOC harvested?

A

They are harvested by hand - passerillage grapes not botrytised.

28
Q

Which of the three Pyreneean AOCs lie in the Pyreneean foothils? Which lies closer to the Atlantic?

A

Irouleguy and Jurancon in the foothills.
Bearn lies closer to the Atlantic

29
Q

Which grapes take centre stage in the Pyrennean sub-region wines?

A

Raffiat de Moncade, the Mansengs, Cabernets and Tannat.

30
Q

When was Jurancon AOC awarded? Styles? Grapes?

A

Awarded in 1936 for dry white, Semi-sweet to sweet white, Vendanges Tardives;
White:(P) Gros Manseng and Petit Manseng

31
Q

What is the terrain and soils of Jurancon AOC?

A

Steep terrain with sandy-clays studded with galets.

32
Q

What are “poudingues”?

A

Local name for galets in jurancon.

33
Q

What is the climate of Jurancon?

A

It is influenced by altitude, Atlantic rains, the warm dry Foehn winds and a Mediterranean sun.

34
Q

What are the three styles of wine in Jurancon?

A

Dry white (sec);
Jurancon (sweet);
Vendanges Tardives (late-harvest).

35
Q

How is Jurancon Sec labelled?

A

“sec” must appear on the label to signify it is dry.

36
Q

What is the blend rule in Jurancon Sec wines?

A

Gros Manseng and Petit Manseng must be the majority if it is a blend. It can also be bottled varietally with either grape.

37
Q

What is the blend rule in Jurancon Sec wines?

A

Gros Manseng and Petit Manseng must be the majority if it is a blend. It can also be bottled varietally with either grape. Must be a minimum of 4.5%(45g/l) RS.

38
Q

What method is used to concentrate flavour and sugars in grapes for Jurancon sweet wines?

A

Passerillage not botrytised.

39
Q

How are grapes for Jurancon sweet wines harvested?

A

By hand in late October through November. Must be at least two passes in the vineyards.

40
Q

What is the blend rules for Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines?

A

Gros Manseng and Petit Manseng only if it is a blend. It can also be bottled varietally with either grape.Must be a minimum of 5.5%(55g/l) RS.

41
Q

What method is used to concentrate flavour and sugars in grapes for Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines?

A

Passerillage not botrytised

42
Q

How are grapes for Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines harvested?

A

Harvest cannot begin until until November 2nd. There must be at least two passes through the vineyard.

43
Q

When can Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines be released for sale?

A

On 15th June second year after harvest

44
Q

Where are the vineyards of Irouleguy located?

A

On steep slopes or terraces of the Pyrenees foothills, sheltered from north and west winds. It is the most southerly AOC of SW France and the only one in France Basque country.

45
Q

How does the Pyrenees and elevation affect the grapes of Irouleguy AOC?

A

Thye have vibrant acidity when harvested.

46
Q

How does the Foehn winds affect the climate of Irouleguy AOC?

A

Autumns are mild and extended allowing slow ripening. Atlantic rainfall is winter dominant.

47
Q

What are the soils of Irouleguy AOC?

A

Three distinct types:
Sandstone, Limestone and Clay.

48
Q

When was Irouleguy AOC awarded? Styles? Grapes?

A

Awarded 1970 for dry white, rose and red.
White:(P) Gros Manseng, Petit Manseng, Courbou, Petit Courbou;
Red:(P) Cabernet Franc, Tannat, Cabernet Sauvignon.

49
Q

What are the white wine blend rules in Irouleguy AOC?

A

Must be a minimum of two varieties.

50
Q

What are the red wine blend rules in Irouleguy AOC?

A

Must contan a majority of Tannat and/or Cab. Franc. Cab Sauv can complete the blend.

51
Q

What are the rose wine blend rules in Irouleguy AOC?

A

Must be at least 90% primary grapes. White grapes can complete the blend.

52
Q

What is the majority of wine production in Irouleguy AOC?

A

Red.

53
Q

Which is the largest and most significant IGP in SW France?

A

Cotes de Gascogne IGP. It is second only to Pays d’Oc IGP producing around 100 million bottles p.a.

54
Q

When was Cotes de Gascogne IGP awarded? Styles?

A

Awarded 1982 for dry white, rose, red, semi-sweet and sweet whites.

55
Q

What are the primary white grapes of Cotes de Gascogne IGP?

A

Gros Manseng, Petit Manseng, Chardonnay, Colombard, Sauvignon Blanc, Ugni Blanc and other indigenous and international varieties.

56
Q

What are the primary red grapes of Cotes de Gascogne IGP?

A

Cabernet Franc, cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Tannat and other indigenous and international varieties.

57
Q

What are the production ratios for Cotes de Gascogne IGP styles?

A

Dry White - 75%;
Sweet white - 10%;
Rose - 8%;
Red -7%.

French Wine Scholar Course 2023 (77 decks)

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