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16-4 Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

3 major salivary glands

A

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

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2
Q

Parotid gland secretes?

A

Salivary amylase

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3
Q

Tongue submucosa secretes?

A

Lingual lipase

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4
Q

The % of the salivary gland that is composed of fat ____ with age

A

Increases

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5
Q

Xerostomia

A

Dry mouth due to decreased production of saliva

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6
Q

Dry mouth due to decreased production of saliva

A

Xerostomia

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7
Q

Common etiologies for Xerostomia

A
  • Medications – “starting with a”
  • Radiation therapy to the head and neck
  • Sjogren syndrome
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8
Q

Symptoms of Xerostomia?

A

Dry mucosa, papillae atrophy of the tongue, fissuring and ulcerations

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9
Q

Dry mucosa, papillae atrophy of the tongue and fissuring with ulcerations is seen with?

A

Xerostomia

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10
Q

Common etiologies for Xerostomia

A
  • Medications –“starting with a”
  • Radiation therapy to the head and neck
  • Sjogren Syndrome
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11
Q

What are possible complications of Xerostomia?

A

Dental caries
Candidiasis
Trouble swallowing/speaking

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12
Q

What is Sialadenitis?

A

Inflammation

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13
Q

4 etiologies for Sialadenitis?

A

Trauma - Mucocele
Autoimmune disease
Bacterial - S. aureus and S. Viridans
Viral - Mumps

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14
Q

Trauma can cause Sialadenitis. What will it present as?

A

Mucocele

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15
Q

What is a Mucocele and what causes it?

A

Lower lip swelling (sialadenitis) with blue hue

- caused by trauma

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16
Q

Mucocele involves damage to the?

A

Salivary gland duct and then saliva leaks in CT stroma

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17
Q

If Bacteria S. Aureus and S. Viridans cause Sialadenitis, what did they follow?

A

Duct obstruction by stones/trauma

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18
Q

Most common viral cause of Sialadenitis?

A

Mumps

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19
Q

Cyst due to damage of a sublingual gland duct

20
Q

A plunging Ranula separates?

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A

Mylohyoid muscle

cyst due to damage of sublingual gland duct

21
Q

The bigger the salivary gland, the more likely the tumor is?

22
Q

What are 2 benign salivary gland tumors?

Study These Flashcards
A

Pleomorphic Adenoma

Warthin Tumor

23
Q

What are 2 benign salivary gland tumors?

Study These Flashcards
A

Pleomorphic Adenoma

Warthin Tumor

24
Q

What are 2 malignant salivary gland tumors?

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A

Mucoepidermal Carcinoma

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

25
What are 2 malignant salivary gland tumors?
Mucoepidermal Carcinoma | Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
26
What do Pleomorphic Adenomas consist of?
Mixture of ductal, myoepithelial and mesenchymal cells
27
What overexpression/mutations are present in cells of Pleomorphic Adenoma?
PLAG1 overexpression | Mutations of HMGA2
28
Pleomorphic Adenomas are well demarcated masses usually in what areas?
Parotid and Submandibular
29
The longer Pleomorphic Adenomas remain untreated, the greater risk that?
Malignancy will arise
30
PLAG1 overexpression and HMGA2 mutations are seen with?
Pleomorphic Adenomas
31
Warthin Tumors affect males or females more often?
Males
32
Warthin Tumors are usually in what area?
Parotid gland!!
33
What benign Tumor is almost only found in the Parotid gland?
Warthin Tumor
34
Smokers are at an 8X greater risk to develop which benign salivary gland tumor?
Warthin Tumor
35
Describe the unique cell setup with Warthin Tumors
Double layer of oncocytic cells: - Inner layer = columnar - Outer layer = cuboidal
36
In what areas are Mucoepidermal Carcinomas common?
Parotids and minor salivary glands
37
What translocation is associated with Mucoepidermal Carcinomas?
(11:19)(q21;p13) | = MECT1 - MAML2
38
What translocation is associated with Mucoepidermal Carcinomas?
(11:19)(q21;p13) | = MECT1 - MAML2
39
In what areas are Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas common?
Minor salivary glands = palatine | Parotid and submandibular
40
What gene rearrangements are associated with Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas?
MYB - NFIB
41
What gene rearrangements are associated with Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas?
MYB - NFIB
42
Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas grow along?
Nerves
43
Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas grow along nerves and thus, can cause?
Pain
44
Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas are slow growing and unpredictable. Many disseminate to other locations. Describe what can happen with time.
Even decades later, distant malignancies can occur | - As time goes on after this malignancy was found, survival chances decrease
45
What type of growth pattern do Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas have?
Cribriform - "swiss cheese"
46
Spaces in Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas are filled with?
Hyaline material

GI - 2 (61 decks)

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