18-7

Question 1

What are 3 benign lesions of the liver?

Answer 1

Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
Cavernous Hemangioma
Hepatocellular Adenoma

Question 2

Benign, NON-neoplastic lesion of the liver

Answer 2

Focal Nodular Hyperplasia

Question 3

What usually causes Focal Nodular Hyperplasia?

Answer 3

Altered blood flow

Question 4

Morphologic finding on Focal Nodular Hyperplasia?

Answer 4

Central Stellate scar

- maplike pattern of cytoplasmic GS staining

Question 5

Morphologic finding on Focal Nodular Hyperplasia?

Answer 5

Central Stellate scar

- maplike pattern of cytoplasmic GS staining

Question 6

Symptoms of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia?

Answer 6

Asymptomatic – seen on imaging

Question 7

Most common Benign Liver Tumor?

Answer 7

Cavernous Hemangioma

Question 8

Benign, red and blue soft nodule?

Answer 8

Cavernous Hemangioma

Question 9

Benign neoplasm most often in young women who use oral contraceptives or anabolic steroids?

Answer 9

Hepatocellular adenoma

Question 10

Usage of what often is associated with Hepatocellular Adenoma?

Answer 10

Oral contraceptives

Anabolic steroids

Question 11

Symptoms of Hepatocellular Adenoma?

Answer 11

Asymptomatic or bleeding in the abdomen

Question 12

3 subtypes of Hepatocellular Adenoma?

Answer 12

1. HNF1alpha Inactivated
2. Inflammatory
3. Beta-catenin activated

Question 13

HNF1alpha inactivated Hepatocellular Adenoma risk for malignant transformation?

Answer 13

Minimal

Question 14

Inflammatory Hepatocellular Adenoma risk for malignant transformation?

Answer 14

Higher risk

Question 15

Beta-catenin activated Hepatocellular Adenoma risk for malignant transformation?

Answer 15

HIGH risk

Question 16

The Inflammatory Hepatocellula Adenoma has an activating mutation in?

Answer 16

gp130 ==> (+) JAK-STAT

Question 17

Malignant liver tumor of EARLY CHILDHOOD

Answer 17

Hepatoblastoma

Question 18

Hepatoblastoma

Answer 18

Malignant liver tumor of EARLY CHILDHOOD

Question 19

2 types of Hepatoblastomas?

Answer 19

1. Epithelial type - fetal cells

2. Mixed type - epithelial + mesenchymal (muscle/cartilage)

Question 20

What is the only sign of Hepatoblastoma?

Answer 20

Abdominal swelling

Question 21

Abdominal swelling in a child?

Answer 21

Hepatoblastoma

Question 22

What is the most common malignancy of hepatocytes?

Answer 22

HCC - hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 23

Hepatocellular Carcinoma is associated with HCV, HBV, metabolic syndrome and chronic liver disease. What toxin is it associated with on corn?

Answer 23

Aflatoxin = Aspergillus

Question 24

What are the common mutations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma?

Answer 24

Beta-catenin and TERT

Question 25

Common symptoms of HCC?

Answer 25

Abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, weight loss

Question 26

Is the survival rate good for HCC?

Answer 26

No - due to underlying liver conditions

Question 27

What is a subtype of HCC that has slightly better survival rate?

Answer 27

Fibrolamellar HCC = hard scirrhous tumor | -- NO predisposing conditions

Question 28

What is a subtype of HCC that has slightly better survival rate?

Answer 28

Fibrolamellar HCC = hard scirrhous tumor | -- NO predisposing conditions

Question 29

What molecular changes are seen with Fibrolamellar HCC?

Answer 29

Fusion gene --> (+) Protein kinase A => (+) cAMP

Question 30

Malignancy of intrahepatic biliary tree

Answer 30

Cholangiocarcinoma

Question 31

Malignancy of intrahepatic biliary tree

Answer 31

Cholangiocarcinoma

Question 32

Infestation with ____ in the liver often is associated with Cholangiocarcinomas

Answer 32

Flukes

Question 33

Cholangiocarcinoma mutations usually involve?

Answer 33

KRAS

Question 34

What usually cause Angiosarcomas?

Answer 34

Thorotrast | Vinyl Chloride

Question 35

Malignant vascular tumor

Answer 35

Angiosarcoma

Question 36

Most common Hepatic Lymphoma type?

Answer 36

Diffuse large B cell Lymphoma

Question 37

Metastasis of malignancy to the liver can occur with any neoplasm. What are the 4 most common?

Answer 37

Colon Breast Lung Pancreas

Question 38

Metastasis of malignancy to the liver can occur with any neoplasm. What are the 4 most common?

Answer 38

Colon Breast Lung Pancreas

Question 39

What is often the only sign of metastasis to the liver?

Answer 39

Hepatomegaly

Question 40

What is often the only sign of metastasis to the liver?

Answer 40

Hepatomegaly