1945-1955 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 1945-1955 Deck (15)
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1
Q

To Secure these Rights

A

1947 - Highlighted the need to change. Recommendations, not achievable due to congress.

2
Q

Appointments

A

Ralph Bunche - American Ambassador to the U.N

William Haist - 1949 Federal Judge

3
Q

Executive Orders - Truman

A

Order 9980 - Guaranteed fair employment Practices in the civi service.
Order 10308 - Prevented lending money to segregated housing projects.
Order 9981 - 1948 Desegregating the Army

4
Q

Truman was Successful

A

First President to commit himself to civil rights since Lincoln. TSTR showed the scale of inequalities, recommendations fulfilled executive orders

5
Q

Truman limited achievements

A

FEPC (fair emplo…) underfunded/lacked support from s. civil servants. Housing initiative failed, houses poorly built decreased housing to blacks . Not comprehensive enough to deal with racism at all levels of American Society.

6
Q

Smith Vs. Allwright

A

Smith Vs. Allwright, 1944 - Voting right in Texas, could vote in congressional, not primary, primary determined congressional. NAACP, applied to the whole of America.

7
Q

Morgan Vs. Virginia

A

Morgan Vs. Virginia, 1946 - Segregation on interstate bus services. Violated her constitutional rights. NAACP, segregation on the interstate bus service was illegal

8
Q

De Jure / De Facto

A

De Jure - Change in Laws

De Facto - Change in Practice

9
Q

Sweatt Vs. Painter

A

Sweatt Vs. Painter, 1950 - Texas Law School, segregated, other schools not equal, Supreme court allowed Sweatt to go to the University.

10
Q

Brown Vs. Board Of Education of Topeka

A

Brown Vs. Board Of Education of Topeka, 1954 - NAACP, supreme court challenging separate but equal. Impossible separate and equal, segregation in schools illegal. Significant marked start of an end to separate but equal.

11
Q

White Backlash to Brown

A

White Backlash to Brown, White Citizens Council to keep segregation/private schools created. Increase in KKK activities, Emmett Till 1955 lynched.

12
Q

Eisenhower’s Segregation view

A

De Jure Change incapable of De Facto change. Infuriate Whites to oppose civil rights. Earl Warren appointment ‘The biggest damned-fool mistake I ever made’

13
Q

Brown II

A

Brown II, 1955 - De Jure victory had little De facto change. Desegregation of school should occur with ‘all deliberate speed’. NAACP thought this to be vague.

14
Q

Significance of Brown

A

Won a case at the heart of segregation. Warren sympathetic to civil rights. Failed to deliver 1957 only 750 of 6300 south schools desegregated. Stimulates massive resistance KKK, WCC, police judges ect all against deseg.

15
Q

Conclusion

A

Campaigning methods changed. Court cases, De Jure change produced little De Facto change.