Hematology Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal range for MCV?

A

80-100

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2
Q

What is the most common microcytic anemia?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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3
Q

Would anemia of chronic disease most likely be macrocytic, normocytic or microcytic?

A

Normocytic

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4
Q

What two main causes should you be thinking of in a macrocytic anemia?

A

Malnutrition and severe blood loss

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5
Q

Does an increase in reticulocytes indicate a decrease or an increase in RBC production?

A

An increase, reticulocytes are newly released “baby” RBC’s.

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6
Q

Auer rods a most commonly associated with what disease?

A

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

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7
Q

What molecule binds iron in the blood stream?

A

Transferrin

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8
Q

What does koilonychia refer to?

A

Spoon shaped nails. This may be found in microcytic anemia.

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9
Q

Will the serum ferritin be high or low in a patient with iron deficient anemia?

A

It will almost always be low

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10
Q

A low retic count and a normal serum ferritin should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Anemia of chronic disease

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11
Q

Under normal conditions at what hemoglobin level would you begin to consider a transfusion?

A

8

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12
Q

Asplenism secondary to sickle cell disease increases a patient’s risk for what type of infections?

A

Capsulated organisms like Strep pneumo and H. flu.

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13
Q

An African American teenager presents with avascular necrosis of the his right femoral head. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Sickle Cell disease

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14
Q

How do you treat a sickle cell crisis?

A

Fluids, oxygen, pain medication, transfusion may be necessary.

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15
Q

Will unconjugated bilirubin be high or low in a patient with sickle cell disease?

A

High

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16
Q

Which anemia should you think of if you see the term Howell-Jolly bodies?

A

Sickle cell due to the functional asplenia, but it may also show up in folic acid deficiency.

17
Q

G6PD deficiency follows what pattern of inheritance?

A

X- linked

18
Q

List the three diagnosis you should be thinking of if a question includes Heinz bodies.

A

G6PD deficiency anemia, chronic liver disease, alpha thalassemia.

19
Q

What is pica?

A

Eating non food items including ice, paper, dirt, hair.

20
Q

Are target cells seen in mild or severe iron deficiency anemia?

A

Severe, they are also seen in alpha thalassemia, chronic liver disease and asplenia.

21
Q

Iron deficiency anemia will have a serum iron lower than what value?

A

30

22
Q

Would a B12 deficiency anemia most likely be microcytic, normocytic or macrocytic?

A

Macrocytic

23
Q

You should be thinking alpha thalassemia if the question stem includes which four geographic areas?

A

Southeast Asia, China, Middle East, Africa

24
Q

A patient of mediterranean descent is a clue for which type of anemia?

A

Beta thalassemia

25
Q

In a folic acid deficiency anemia the folic acid level is typically below what level?

A

<150

26
Q

What hematological disorder should you think of if the questions talks about the patient eating ice or dirt?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

27
Q

Inability to absorb vitamin B12 due to lack of intrinsic factor is what disease?

A

Pernicious anemia

28
Q

Stocking glove paresthesias should make you think of what two diagnoses?

A

B12 deficiency neuropathy and diabetic neuropathy.

29
Q

Will the RBC’s be large, small or normal size in a B12 deficient anemia?

A

Macrocytes

30
Q

Will the retic count be elevated, decreased or normal in a B12 deficient anemia?

A

Retic count will be low. Low building blocks means low production.

31
Q

What is Schilling’s test used for?

A

Test for the cause of a B12 deficiency.

32
Q

Strict vegans are at risk for what type of anemia?

A

B12 deficiency anemia

33
Q

Is sickle cell microcytic, macrocytic or normocytic?

A

Microcytic

34
Q

Will a hemolytic anemia generally have an elevated or or decreased retic count?

A

Elevated

35
Q

List four disease states in which you may find basophilic stippling.

A

Lead poisoning, Beta or alpha thalassemia, sideroblastic anemia, arsenic poisoning.

36
Q

If a question presents a pregnant woman with anemia what is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Iron deficiency

37
Q

The term Philadelphia chromosome you should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Chronic myeloid leukemia