Basic Chemistry Flashcards
A ____ is the smallest piece of a compound that maintains the properties of the compound.
molecule
An ____ is the smallest piece of an element.
atom
An atom is composed of subatomic particles, including
protons, neutrons and electrons.
A proton has a ____ electrical charge.
positive
A neutron has a ____ charge.
neutral
An electron has a ____ electrical charge.
negative
The ____ of an atom - it’s centre - contains one or more protons plus a number of neutrons.
nucleus
Electrons are found in the space ____ the nucleus.
around
The difference between one element and another is in the number of ____ in the nucleus.
protons
The number of protons is the ____ ____ of the element. In the periodic table it is recorded at the top of the square for each element.
atomic number
The number at the bottom is the elements ____ ____, which indicates the weight of an atom relative to the weight of one proton.
atomic weight
An atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons is called an ___.
ion
The attraction of positive ions for negative ions forms an ____ ____.
ionic bond
In some cases, instead of transferring an electron from one atom to another some pairs of atoms share electrons with each other, forming a ____ bond.
covalent
Living organisms depend on the enormously versatile compounds of carbon. Because of the importance of these compounds for life, the chemistry of carbon is known as ____ ____.
organic chemistry
