Histology - GI System Flashcards

1
Q

Replace all cell types

A

Stem cells (in isthmus)

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1
Q

parts of GI tract with submucosal glands

A

duodenum, esophagus

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2
Q

Stomach - ELSMS/A

A

E: simple columnar LP: fundic, cardiac, pyloric glands SM: rugae ME: inner oblique, middle circular, outer longitundinal. S/A: serosa

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2
Q

Small Intestine - ELSMS/A

A

E: simple columnae LP: vili, intestinal glands, Peyer’s patches (ileum). SM: circular folds, Brunner’s glands. ME: inner circular, outer longitunindal. S/A: serosa (except duodenum)

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3
Q

apical, small intestine. Antimicrobial secretions that regulate gut flora.

A

Paneth cells

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4
Q

HCl: lowers pH. Intrinsic factor: B12 absorption

A

Parietal cells

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5
Q

Smooth Muscle Sphincter Layer

A

Muscularis Externa

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6
Q

lymphatic capillaries, uptake chylomicrons (modified triglycerides)

A

Lacteals

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6
Q

Transition from simple columnar to stratified columnar to stratified squamous non keratinized

A

Rectoanal junction

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7
Q

Pepsinogen: converted to pepsin by low pH, digests protein

A

Chief cells

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7
Q

Esophagus - ELSMS/A

A

E: Stratified squamous non-keratinized LP: esophageal cardiac glands (lower) SM: esophageal glands ME: skeletal (upper) -> sk & sm (middle) -> smooth (lower) S/A: Adventitia

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9
Q

Secrete hormones like gastrin, CCK, secretin. Regulate gastric, intestinal, pancreatic, gallbladder activity -G cells, I cells, S cells, etc.

A

Enteroendocrine cells

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10
Q

antigen transport cells, phagocytizes antigen & transports it to lamina propria

A

M cells

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11
Q

Soluble mucus: lubrication

A

Mucous neck cells

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11
Q

Large Intesting - ELSMS/A

A

E: simple columnar. LP: intestinal glands. SM: - ME: inner circular, outer longintudinal (teniae coli). S/A: serosa in transverse and sigmoid. Adventitia in the rest.

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12
Q

submucosal glands

A

Esophageal glands, Brunner’s Glands (duodenum)

14
Q

Lacteals, fenestrated capillaries, smooth muscle, GALT

A

Villus lamina propria components

16
Q

cells found in the follicle-associated epithelium of the Peyer’s patch that transportantigens from the gut lumen to immune cells across the epithelial barrier, and thus are important in stimulating mucosal immunity.

A

M cells (or microfold cells) are

17
Q

permanent infolds of the lamina propria

A

Intestinal glands

19
Q

Insoluble mucus: barrier

A

Surface mucous cells

20
Q

Gut mucosal immunology

A
  1. M cells phagocytize antigen and transport ot LP. 2. Immune cells in GALT activate plasma cells. 3. Plasma cells secrete antibodies that are transported to the lumen.
21
Q

outer layer of adventitia

A

distal duodenum, esophagus, ascending and descending colon, rectum

22
Q

goblet cells secrete mucus for lubrication & protection

A

Intestinal glands

23
Q

cytoplasmic folds on enterocytes

A

Microvilli

24
Q

LARGE INTESTINE functions

A

absorbs electrolytes & water, eliminates waste

25
Q

Enterocytes, Goblet Cells

A

Villus epithelium components

27
Q

Fundic Glands

A

surface mucous cels, stem cells, mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells, enteroendocrine cells

28
Q

Stratified squamous non-keratinized to statified squamous keratinized at anus. Internal anal sphincter is smooth muscle while external anal canal is skeletal muscle.

A

Anal canal

29
Q

permanent outfolds of the lamina propria

A

Villi

30
Q

permanent folds of submucosa

A

Circular folds (plicae circulares)

31
Q

LARGE INTESTINE unique features.

A

Simple columnar epithelium, intestinal glands in LP, teniae coli in outerlongitudinal layer