2b. Epithelial Tissues

Question 1

4 primary tissue types and one-word answers for their main functions

Answer 1

epithelium - cover
connective - support
nervous - movement
muscle - control

Question 2

what is histology?

Answer 2

the study of tissues

Question 3

what are the 5 steps taken to prepare to view tissue samples?

Answer 3

1. removal of tissue from the body via a biopsy
2. fixation of tissue
3. embedding of tissue
4. slicing the tissue and mounting tissue on a slide
5. staining and viewing under a microscope

Question 4

what stains the nuclei purple for viewing under a microscope?

Answer 4

haemotoxylin

Question 5

what are the two points to consider when viewing a tissue sample under a microscope?

Answer 5

the plane the tissue has been cut.
the magnification of the image.

Question 6

4 characteristics of epithelium

Answer 6

covers and protects
distinct cell surfaces
avascular but innervated
ability to regenerate

Question 7

what 2 properties classify epithelium

Answer 7

numbers of cells/layers of cells.
cell shape

Question 8

describe simple squamous epithelium

Answer 8

Single layer of flattened cells with sparse cytoplasm

Question 9

what is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 9

filtration, diffusion and some secretion

Question 10

where can simple squamous epithelium be found?

Answer 10

alveoli of lungs, kidney glomeruli, serous membranes

Question 11

describe simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 11

Single layer of cube-shaped cells. Some of these cells have microvilli or cilia

Question 12

what is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 12

absorption, secretion, movement (cilia)

Question 13

where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found?

Answer 13

kidney tubules and terminal bronchioles.

Question 14

describe simple columnar epithelium

Answer 14

Single layer of columnar shaped cells. Some cells have cilia

Question 15

what is the function of simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 15

absorption, secretion and movement.

Question 16

where can simple columnar epithelium be found?

Answer 16

intestines, stomach, fallopian tubes and lungs.

Question 17

describe transitional epithelium

Answer 17

Resembles stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal cells depending on its state.

Question 18

what is the function of transitional epithelium?

Answer 18

accommodate changes in fluid volume in the organs

Question 19

where can transitional epithelium be found?

Answer 19

urinary bladder, ureter, and upper part of urethra

Question 20

describe stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 20

Basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and become progressively flatter as you move to the surface. Several layers of cells:
○ Keratinized
○ Non-keratinized

Question 21

what is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 21

protect against abrasion and loss of water - wear and tear epithelium

Question 22

where can stratified squamous epithelium be found?

Answer 22

keratinized - sole of feet, palm of hands, skin
Non-keratinized - mouth, oesophagus, anus, vagina

Question 23

describe stratified cuboidal epithelium

Answer 23

Several layers cube-shaped cells laying on a basal membrane
rare tissue

Question 24

what is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 24

absorption, secretion and protection

Question 25

where can stratified squamous cuboidal be found?

Answer 25

ducts of sweat glands, ducts of salivary glands, and developing ovum

Question 26

describe stratified columnar epithelium

Answer 26

Several layers of column-shaped cells rare tissue

Question 27

what is the function of stratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 27

secretion and protection

Question 28

where can stratified columnar epithelium be found?

Answer 28

ducts of mammary glands, larynx and part of male urethra

Question 29

describe pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium

Answer 29

Single layer of column-shaped cells with differing heights Nuclei are all over the place and cells are ciliated.

Question 30

what is the function of pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 30

secretion and movement

Question 31

where can pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium be found?

Answer 31

pharynx (mucous production), trachea, male's sperm carrying ducts.