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RMT - LtB > 3 - Kines - Unit 3 - Pelvis & Thigh > Flashcards

3 - Kines - Unit 3 - Pelvis & Thigh Flashcards

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1
Q

Pelvis and thighs - 8 Bones

A 
1 - Coxal / innovate bone (hip bone) - x2
2 - Sacrum - x1
3 - Coccyx (tail bone) - x1
4 - Femur (thigh bone) - x2
5 - Patella (kneecap) - x2
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2
Q

Pelvis and thighs - Bones - Pelvis

A

3 bones

  • 2 coxal bones (hip) - sometimes referred as «pelvic bones»
  • Sacrum
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3
Q

Pelvis and thighs - Bones - Coxal bone (hip) development

A

Starts out as 3 separate bones :

  • Ilium - Big flat piece
  • Ischium - Butt bone
  • Pubis - Up front

The 3 bones eventually fuse together to form coxal bone

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4
Q

Pelvis and thighs - Landmarks

A 
1 - Coxal (starts as Ilium, ischium & pubis)
2 - Sacrum
3 - Coccyx
4 - Femur
5 - Patella
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5
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Crest

A

A ridge of bone

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6
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Fossa

A

A shallow depression or dent in a bone

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7
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Tuberosity

A

A large, rounded m, usually roughened protuberance

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8
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Ramus

A

Latin for «arm»

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9
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Tubercle

A

A small, rounded process

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10
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Foramen

A

A hole in a bone

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11
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Acetabulum

A

Socket of the hip joint where the three «hip» bones fuse

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12
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Trochanter

A

Large bony prominence found only on the femurs

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13
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Condyle

A

Rounded, knuckle-like projection at the end of a bone usually at a joint

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14
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Facet

A

Small, flat, articulate surface

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15
Q

Landmarks - Definition - Pes anserinum

A

Goose’s foot

A tendinous attachment site for 3 muscles located on the anterior medial aspect of the proximal tibia:

  • Semitendinosus
  • Gracilis
  • Sartorius)
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16
Q

Landmarks - Coxal

A

Each vocal bone starts out as 3 bones:

  • Ilium
  • Ischium
  • Pubis
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17
Q

Landmarks - Coxal - Ilium

A
  • Iliac crest
  • Iliac fossa
  • Gluteal surface
  • Anterior superior iliac spine [ASIS]
  • Anterior inferior iliac spine [AIIS]
  • Posterior superior iliac spine [PSIS]
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18
Q

Landmarks - Coxal - Ischium

A
  • Ischium tuberosity

- Ramus of the Ischium

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19
Q

Landmarks - Coxal - Pubis

A
  • Pubic crest
  • Public tubercles
  • Public symphysis - («symphysis» = coming together)
  • Superior Ramus of the pubis
  • Inferior Ramus of the pubis
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20
Q

Landmarks - Patella

A

The largest sesamoid bone in the body

  • Medial facet
  • Lateral facet
  • Apex
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21
Q

Landmarks - Proximal leg bones - 2 bones in each leg

A
  • Tibia - Medial leg bone - larger weight bearing bone of the leg
  • Fibula - Lateral leg bone - smaller and non-weight bearing bone of the leg
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22
Q

Landmarks - Proximal leg bones - Tibia

A

Medial leg bone - larger weight bearing bone of the leg

  • Tibial tuberosity
  • Pes anserinus (goose’s foot) - tendinous attachment site for the 3 muscles located on the anterior medial aspect of the proximal tibia: Semitendinosus / Gracilis / Sartorius)
  • Medial condyle (plateau)
  • Lateral condyle (plateau)
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23
Q

Osgood-Schlatters disease

A

An avolsion fracture of the tibial tuberosity caused by hypertonic quadriceps femoris muscle

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24
Q

Landmarks - Femur

A
  • Femoral head
  • Femoral neck
  • Greater trochanter - larger & lateral
  • Lesser trochanter - smaller & medial
  • Gluteal tuberosity
  • Shaft
  • Linea aspera (=“rough line”)
  • Medial lip of the linea aspera
  • Lateral lip of the linea aspera
  • Medial condyle
  • Lateral condyle
  • Adductor tubercle
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25
Landmarks - Proximal leg bones - Fibula
Lateral leg bone - smaller and non-weight bearing bone if the leg - Fibular head
26
Landmarks - Coxal - 2 structures not attributes to specific bone
- Obturator foramen | - Acetabulum - socket of the hip joint where the 3 « hip » bones fuse)
27
Landmarks - Sacrum
Starts out as 5 separate vertebrae that fuse - Sacral foramen
28
Landmarks - Coccyx
Starts out as 4 separate coccygeal vertebrae that fuse
29
Joints - 4 pelvis and thigh joints
- Sacroiliac joints - Pubic symphysis - Coxafemoral (“hip”) joint - Tibiofemoral (knee) joint
30
Joints - Sacroiliac joints
``` Amphiarthritic joints (=slightly movable) Formed by ilia and sacrum ```
31
Joints - Pubic symphysis
Amphiarthritic joint = slightly movable Formed by the two Pubic bones
32
Joints - Coxafemoral
“Hip” joint Ball and socket joint Formed by proximal femur & acetabulum of the vocal bone
33
Joints - Tibiofemoral
Knee joint Hinge joint Formed by distal femur & proximal tibia. Technically the knee joint also includes the patella, which articulated with the femur
34
Movements - Definition - Flexion
Decrease of the angle in a joint by bringing bones together
35
Movements - Definition - Extension
Increase of the angle in a joint by moving bones apart
36
Movements - Definition - Adbuction
Lateral movement away from the midline of the trunk of the body
37
Movements - Definition - Adduction
Medial movement towards the midline of the trunk of the body
38
Movements - Definition - External rotation
Rotary movement around the axis of the limb away from the midline
39
Movements - Definition - Internal rotation
Rotary movement around the axis of a limb towards the midline
40
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Quadriceps femoris - Rectus femoris
[Origin] Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) [Insertion] Tibial tuberosity [Action] - Knee extension - Hip flexion
41
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Quadriceps femoris - Vastus medialis
[Origin] Lateral lip of the linea aspera [Insertion] Tibial tuberosity [Action] Knee extension
42
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Quadriceps femoris - Vastus lateralis
[Origin] Lateral lip of the linea aspera [Insertion] Tibial tuberosity [Action] Knee extension
43
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Quadriceps femoris - Vastus intermedius
[Origin] Anterior surface of the femur [Insertion] Tibial tuberosity [Action] Knee extension
44
Movements - Hip joint / Coxafemoral joint / Femoral / Thigh movements
Sagital - Flexion of the hip - Extension of the hip Coronal - Abduction of the hip - Adduction of the hip Transverse - External (lateral) hip rotation - Internal (medial) hip rotation
45
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Hamstrings - Biceps femoris
[Origin] - Long head: ischial tuberosity - Short head: lateral lip of the linea aspera [Insertion] Fibula head [Action] - Knee flexion - Hip extension
46
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Hamstrings - Semitendinosus
[Origin] Ischial tuberosity [Insertion] Medial surface of proximal tibia at Pes anserinus [Action] - Knee flexion - Hip extension
47
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Hamstrings - Semimembranosus
[Origin] Ischial tuberosity [Insertion] Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia [Action] - Knee flexion - Hip extension
48
Movements - Knee / tibiofemoral joint / leg movements
Sagital - Knee flexion - Knee extension
49
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Gluteal muscles - Gluteus Maximus
[Origin] - Coccyx - Edge of sacrum - Posterior iliac crest - Sacrotiberous & sacroiliac ligaments [Insertion] - Gluteal tuberosity - Iliotibial tract [Action] - Powerful hip extension - Hip abduction - External hip rotation
50
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Gluteal muscles - Gluteus medius
AKA Deltoid of the hip [Origin] Gluteal surface of the ilium [Insertion] Greater trochanter [Action] - Hip abduction - Internal hip rotation - External hip rotation Single limb weight
51
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Gluteal muscles - Gluteus minimus
Under the medius [Origin] Gluteal surface of the ilium (most inferior) [Insertion] Anterior border of greater trochanter [Action] - Abduction - Internal rotation - Hip flexion
52
Muscles - 8 groups
- Quadriceps femoris - Hamstrings - Gluteal Muscles - Adductors (inner thigh muscles) - Tensor fascia lata - Sartorius - longest muscle of the body - Lateral rotators of the hip - Iliopsoas (iliac us and papas major)
53
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Adductors - Adductor magnus
[Origin] - Ischial tuberosity - Rami of the pubis and Ischium [Insertion] - Medial lip of the linea aspera - Adductor tubercle [Action] - Hip adduction - Internal hip rotation - Hip flexion
54
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Adductors - Adductor longus
[Origin] Pubic tubercle [Insertion] Mariam lip of the linea aspera [Action] - Hip adduction - Internal hip rotation - Hip flexion
55
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Adductors - Adductor brevis
[Origin] Ramus of pubis [Insertion] Medial lip of linea aspera [Action] - Hip adduction - Internal hip rotation (to confirm) - Hip flexion
56
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Adductors - Pectineus
Most superior and smallest of the adductors [Origin] Inferior Ramus of pubis [Insertion] Pectineal line of femur [Action] ??
57
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Adductors - Gracilis
[Origin] Rami of the Ischium and pubis [Insertion] Medial surface of proximal tibia at Pes anserinus [Action] - Hip adduction - Internal hip rotation - Hip flexion - Knee flexion
58
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Tensor fascia lata
[Origin] - Iliac crest - Posterior to the ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine) [Insertion] Iliotibial tract [Action] - Hip flexion - Internal hip rotation - Hip abduction
59
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Sartorius
[Origin] Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) [Insertion] Medial surface of proximal tibia at Pes anserinus [Action] - Hip flexion - Lateral hip rotation - Hip abduction - Knee flexion
60
Muscles - Quadriceps femoris
- Rectus femoris - Vastus medialis - Vastus latéralis - Vastus intermedius
61
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Lateral rotators of the hip - Periformis
[Origin] Anterior surface of the sacrum [Insertion] Greater trochanter [Action] Lateral hip rotation
62
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Iliopsoas
Iliacus & psoas major [Origin] - Iliacus portion: iliac fossa - Psoas major portion: bodies & transverse processes lumbar vertebra [Insertion] Lesser trochanter [Action] - Powerful hip flexion - External hip rotation - Hip adduction
63
Muscles - Origin/insertion/actions - Iliopsoas
Iliacus & psoas major [Origin] - Iliacus portion: iliac fossa - Psoas major portion: bodies & transverse processes lumbar vertebra [Insertion] Lesser trochanter [Action] - Powerful hip flexion - External hip rotation - Hip adduction
64
Muscles - Hamstrings
- Biceps femoris - Semitendinosus - Semimembranosus
65
Muscles - Gluteal muscles
- Gluteus Maximus - Gluteus medius - Gluteus minimus
66
Muscles - Adductors
Inner Thigh Muscles - Adductor magnus - Adductor longus - Adductor brevis - Pectineus - Gracilis

RMT - LtB (24 decks)

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