3.2

Question 1

what do design descions dictate

Answer 1

aroudn 70% of manufactruing costs

Question 2

what is DFM

Answer 2

design for manufacture

Question 3

what does DFM aim to do

Answer 3

reduce costs of production

Question 4

exaampels fo ways DFM may reduce costs of product

Answer 4

minimsing number fo parts
standardised parts and feautures
effcint joining methods
symetrical parts
easily identifiable parts
reduced manfuactruing prorcesses

Question 5

what is the dispsoal fo waste

Answer 5

an additioanl cost to manfuacturers

Question 6

how may improved efficency be implemeneted

Answer 6

multi fucntional parts
multi use parts
symetricla parts
standardised fittings

Question 7

how do symmetrical parts inc efficnecy

Answer 7

doesnt matter about orentation, emanign can be palced any way, reducign tiem and eror

Question 8

hwo do multi fucntional and multi use parts icnrease efficny in manfuatcure

Answer 8

less production processes
combined designs
oen part can eb sued for many things

Question 9

multi fucntional aprt examples

Answer 9

pritner can scan, pritn, copy, etc
stapler that hodls stapels
swiss army knife
sofa beds
moulds having hoels for screws set in

Question 10

hwo ot ensure acciracy

Answer 10

jigs
formers
templates
moulds
fixtures - hold work in a given posititon

Question 11

what do acuraate tolerances and finishes aid

Answer 11

ease fo productiion and icnreased effciency, as well as viability of costs

Question 12

what do fewer parts mean

Answer 12

less processing time
redcued hadnling
reduced complciation in assembly

Question 13

what shoudl also be considered when disucssing dfm, bar easier manufacture

Answer 13

the idea that it is aimign to imrpve production effiecny

Question 14

exampels of processes that allow the creation fo complciated parts with few compoennets

Answer 14

injection moudling
die casting

Question 15

what can mdoualr design do

Answer 15

simplify the assembly process

Question 16

how can modular design sipmplify the assembly prorcess

Answer 16

standardised parts
reduced variation
common compoenets and parts

Question 17

why are fastners avoided

Answer 17

they icnrease handlign adn production times

Question 18

what will be used inplace of fastenrs

Answer 18

snap fits
tabs
singular mouldings

Question 19

what will designers do to maxamise the opprotunity for reuse repair and miantainenece

Answer 19

consider hwo easy shit is to dismantle and acccess

Question 20

how will designers make shit easier to access and dismantle

Answer 20

threaded connections
reducec coatings an coverings
easily identifiabel parts
multifunctonal parts
access panels
standardised shiit
swapabel lmodules

Question 21

what will manfuactures consider to reduce enviro imapct

Answer 21

waste
hazardous materials and process
energy

Question 22

what will designers increase to imrpove envro impact

Answer 22

opp for maintainence
better material chocies

Question 23

pros of exteneding products life

Answer 23

good for enviro

Question 24

cons of extendign products life

Answer 24

bad for sales

Question 25

what can new tech, wear and reduced support do

Answer 25

make odler designs reducndant or obselete

Question 26

what do new technolgoies brign problems about

Answer 26

system compatibility

Question 27

what may manfuacturers do to imcrease consumer retntion

Answer 27

allow for compatitbility of products software upgrades implement new fucntiosn to products

Question 28

with regards to maintainenece what will manufacturers do to get consumer retenetion

Answer 28

planned servcies replacement parts warranty

Question 29

exampls of supports durign a products lfie

Answer 29

gauranetees and warranty avability fo spare parts software upgrades help centrers

Question 30

why may a product reach its EOL

Answer 30

release of new products developemnt fo tech, maetrials, etc fall in demand planned obsceleneces

Question 31

what is wood processignused to prodcue

Answer 31

timber paper boards and swmill

Question 32

usual conevrsion fo trees

Answer 32

debark cut to size kiln dried

Question 33

why may secondary processes take place on wood

Answer 33

to convert it to larger pieces or specific sizes adn lenghts

Question 34

what treatement will be doen to wood in the secodnary stages fo manfuacture

Answer 34

heat resistance and rot reststant

Question 35

how are polyemrs and syntheics made

Answer 35

crakcign crude oil

Question 36

what si bad about the transpsortation of polymers and oil

Answer 36

can spill into seas and nature, damagign avst areas of enviroment

Question 37

what nto to do when talkign abotu envrioebtal imapct

Answer 37

be avgue and general abotu the impact, be specific tothe process isnetad

Question 38

what is the eart surroudn by

Answer 38

large layer fo gas

Question 39

gases in the ozone layer

Answer 39

CO2 Methane NO

Question 40

what adds to the thickenss ofthe layer aroudn earth

Answer 40

green house gases

Question 41

consequecnes of thicker layer aroudn eart

Answer 41

heat trappe and shti causign global warmign etc

Question 42

what gases are there regualtion adn limtis on there emmssion

Answer 42

sulphur dixoide nitrogen dixoise polcycilcic aromatic hydrocarbosn

Question 43

where wioll companies often outsource from

Answer 43

developing coutnries with low wage economies

Question 44

what can faulty shit and poor quality products lead to

Answer 44

failiures law suits returns product recalls

Question 45

what does fair trade seek to enusre for farmers

Answer 45

safe and better workign conditions fair pay stable incoems not exploited by large comapnies

Question 46

products associated with fair trade

Answer 46

banana tea cocoa cotton rice

Question 47

aims of eti

Answer 47

promtoe fari working practcies reudce and stop fored labour stop rpdocuion fo non ethical products

Question 48

what will MCS look to take advantage fo by workign in diff ccoutnries

Answer 48

interest rates currency rates cheap labour cheap premsises costs

Question 49

benefits of globalisation

Answer 49

new producst diversity cheaper shit job creation

Question 50

cons of globalsiation

Answer 50

exploitation of workers dmaage to domestic comapies

Question 51

what is suasatinabel development

Answer 51

development tat does not deplete natural resources faster than they can eb replaced

Question 52

what must designers consider implciations on

Answer 52

enviro society economy

Question 53

what are all design descisions

Answer 53

interlinked

Question 54

what will desigenrs do to make products mroe susatainable

Answer 54

use the 6 rs

Question 55

what are the 6Rs

Answer 55

rethink reuse recylice repair reduce refuse

Question 56

questions for rethink

Answer 56

how can it be better is it energy effciecy designed for dissasmebly can i chaneg it to be envrio friedly

Question 57

questions for reuse

Answer 57

whcih parts can eb used again can it do other shit without reproceessign

Question 58

questions for recycle

Answer 58

ease to take apart? materiasl recyclable? energy to re prorcess

Question 59

questions for repair

Answer 59

which parts can be replaced or fixed where failiure hwo easy to repalce

Question 60

questions for reudce

Answer 60

whast nto needed can material be cut down hwo to simplify

Question 61

questions for refuse

Answer 61

is it neccessary will ti last long to costlu unfashionabel?

Question 62

what is DFD

Answer 62

design for dissasembly

Question 63

What does dfd aid

Answer 63

EOL disposal or lengthenign lfie span

Question 64

What may be cosnidered in DFD

Answer 64

Fewer parts fewer fastners Standardised peices screws ratehr than bolts no glues or finishes dissasmbly isntructions

Question 65

design optimsiation idnetifies the best chocies for what ]

Answer 65

material method of man assembly quality and szie perofmance weight sustaianbility features

Question 66

how does software aid the design process

Answer 66

reduced need for protoype and testing simualtion quicker appraoches to manfuactrue and modification

Question 67

exampels of optimisatiosn that may be cosnidered

Answer 67

structural size topology material layout

Question 68

what are eco materials

Answer 68

materials that have a positive impact to envrio through whoel lfie cycles

Question 69

what si upcyclign

Answer 69

process fo utilisign unwanted products and repuprosing to meet new requriemnets

Question 70

examples of upcyclign

Answer 70

furtniture cut and paitned for timebr for sya new decorations

Question 71

what are white goods

Answer 71

larger electrical appliance and shti liek thta used in domestic enviorments, traditional when first avalble, coloured white

Question 72

examples of white goods

Answer 72

air conddtiorner dish washer fridge washign machines freezer micro wave

Question 73

what are modular designs

Answer 73

where compelte products are made by inerhratign or combinign smaller parts taht are independen too eachother

Question 74

talk about the smaller parts in modular design

Answer 74

they are geenrally indpeendtly deisgned and manufatcured then fit into the form of a fianl rpoduct whn brought togther

Question 75

what does modualr design use

Answer 75

a range of different parts to make one bigger product

Question 76

what do teh idnidivual parts fo modular design fit into

Answer 76

a standard interace

Question 77

examples of modualr design

Answer 77

cars phones pcs and computures futniture

Question 78

what does modualr design mran for consuemrs

Answer 78

parts can be removed replaced and shit for customsiation, repair et c

Question 79

hwo does modualr design simplfy assemblign processes

Answer 79

as it uses standardised parts a small variation fo parts common parts which coudl eb sued across various compoenents

Question 80

examples of parts they may eb used in modular design fo say a pc thta could eb used elsewhere

Answer 80

siwtches on electrical componenets