Introduction to metabolism

Question 1

catabolic

Answer 1

larger molecules into smaller molecules

Question 2

anabolic

Answer 2

small precursors to larger molecules

Question 3

important roles of catabolism

Answer 3

form reducing agents
generation of more ATP via ox-phos
biosynthesis

Question 4

how are anabolism and catabolism related

Answer 4

anabolism uses the precusors made from catabolism

Question 5

function of NADH, FADH2, FMNH

Answer 5

generate more ATP via ox phos

Question 6

function of NADPH

Answer 6

serves as a reducing agent in anabolic (biosynthetic) reactions

Question 7

what does catabolic processes usually use

Answer 7

ATP

Question 8

when are catabolic and anabolic processes taking place

Answer 8

always happening simultaneously

Question 9

when is there more catabolic processes

Answer 9

fasting/starvation

Question 10

when is there more anabolic processes

Answer 10

well-fed state

Question 11

how do we release free energy from glucose

Answer 11

oxidation

Question 12

oxidation

Answer 12

removal of electrons (mainly from carbon)

Question 13

how can electrons be removed

Answer 13

free, naked electron
hydrogen atom
hydride ion

Question 14

what is happening during ox phos

Answer 14

reoxidation of NADH, FADH2, FMNH2 by ETS,

Question 15

what does ETS do

Answer 15

uses electrons to reduce O2 -> H2O. traps some E as ATP

Question 16

what does deficiency of niacin lead to

Answer 16

pellagra

Question 17

what are the 4 Ds of pellagra

Answer 17

diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death

Question 18

what is riboflavin part of

Answer 18

strucutre of FAD/FADH2 and FMN/FMNH2

Question 19

how can you regulate activity of reactions/pathways

Answer 19

substrate availablity
regulation of enzyme activity
compartmentalization
regulation of amoun tof enzyme present

Question 20

where does Ox Phos take place

Answer 20

mitochondrial inner membrane

Question 21

substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 21

energery in a metabolite that already has a high engery body can be used by the enzyme to form ATP from ADP + Pi

Question 22

phosphorylated metabolites function

Answer 22

transfer the high energy phosphate to ADP

Question 23

function of non-phosphorylated metabolites

Answer 23

energy trapped by the enzyme and used to add Pi to ADP

Question 24

What are the key metabolic intermediates that tie anabolic and catabolic pathways together

Answer 24

acetyl-CoA
glucose 6 phosphate
pyruvate
CAC intermediates