Lipids I

Question 1

functions of lipids

Answer 1

energy storage
formation of biological membranes
protein modification
signal transduction
digestion of food

Question 2

what are lipids used for energy storage derived from

Answer 2

fatty acids.

Question 3

what do fatty acids consist of

Answer 3

alkyl chain with terminal carboxyl group

Question 4

saturate fats

Answer 4

have no double bonds

Question 5

what do desaturases generate

Answer 5

FAs in the cis configuation

Question 6

double bonds resulting from hydrogenation have what configuration

Answer 6

trans

Question 7

human FA desaturases can only introduce double bonds where

Answer 7

in proximal half of molcules

Question 8

what are the 2 classes of essential faty acids

Answer 8

linolenic acid or linoleic acid

Question 9

function of triacyglycerals

Answer 9

stoarge of metabolic inergy

Question 10

can TAGS be transported

Answer 10

no

Question 11

where does degration of GA into acetyl CoA occur

Answer 11

inside mitochondra

Question 12

first step of FA uptake into mitochondria

Answer 12

activate FA by bindign to coenzyme A using acyl CoA synthase

Question 13

how do you get FA accross the inner mitochondral membrane

Answer 13

CPT 1transfer the acyl group from CoA to carnine.

transolcate moves acyl carnitine into mitochondrial matrix

Question 14

how does resyntehsis of acyl CoA happen

Answer 14

CPT II transferse acyl group from carntine back to CoA

Question 15

where is CPT i located

Answer 15

outer membrane

Question 16

where is CPT II located

Answer 16

inner membrane

Question 17

degradation of palmitic acid yield what

Answer 17

106 ATP

Question 18

what is unique about degration of unsaturated FA

Answer 18

proceeds via beta oxidation but requires additional enzymes to isomerize the double bonds

Question 19

the initial oxidation of fatty acyl-CoA in peroxisomes in catalyzed by what

Answer 19

an oxidase system that generates H2O2 instead of FADH

Question 20

symptoms of MCAD deficiency

Answer 20

non ketotic hypoglycemia

life threatening

Question 21

Refsum disease is caused by what

Answer 21

problems with alpha oxidation of branches FA phytanic acid

Question 22

symptoms of Refsum disease

Answer 22

neurological defect

Question 23

cause of Zellweger syndrome

Answer 23

inability to produce functional peroxisomes

Question 24

can the brain use fatty acids directly

Answer 24

no

Question 25

what is the commited step of synthesis of keton bodies in liver

Answer 25

HMG-CoA lyase

Question 26

what is the committed step of degradation of ketone bodies outside the liver

Answer 26

acetoacetate:succinyl-CoA transferase