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4/11 Flashcards

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1
Q

varicocele with blood in urine

A

can be RCC

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2
Q

staph saprophyticus

A

UTI

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3
Q

psychogenic nonepileptic seizure

A

type of conversion disorder, features can be forced eye closure, memory of event, head side to side
- need EEG for diagnosis

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4
Q

first line treatment for panic disorder

A

SSRIs

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5
Q

twin pregnancies put at risk for…

A

preterm labor

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6
Q

normal location of bartholin glands

A

4 and 8 o’clock, base of the labia majora

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7
Q

hemophilic arthropathy

A

seen in hemophilia, caused by hemosiderin deposition in joints causing inflammation

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8
Q

first step in evaluating lung nodule

A

look at previous xrays

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9
Q

function of wiskott aldrich protein

A

cytoskeletal remodeling

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10
Q

infertility in CF

A

much more common in men due to absence of vas deferens

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11
Q

most common sequela of giardiasis

A

lactose intolerance and fat malabsorption

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12
Q

features of kawasaki’s disease

A
  • fever over 5 days
  • mucositis - strawberry tongue
  • rash - polymorphus
  • extremities - edema
  • cervical lymphadenopathy
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13
Q

complications of kawasaki’s

A

MI and coronary artery aneurysm

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14
Q

treatment of kawasaki’s

A

aspirin and IVIG

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15
Q

clubbing in smoker indicates

A

new malignancy, not hypoxemia

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16
Q

labs in subacute thyroiditis

A
  • low TSH, high T3/T4, high ESR/CRP
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17
Q

initial treatment of HHS

A

normal saline to replenish free water loss

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18
Q

enthesitis is common finding in…

A

spondyloarthropathies

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19
Q

most common cause of erectile dysfunction

A

psychosocial - especially if nocturnal erections are preserved

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20
Q

what type of virus is molluscum contagiosum

A

pox

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21
Q

most effective form of emergency birth control

A

copper IUD

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22
Q

labs in Ehrlichiosis

A

leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated LTFs and LDH

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23
Q

cause of elevated potassium in DKA

A

intracellular shift due to plasma tonicity, actually total body stores of potassium are decreased due to osmotic diuresis

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24
Q

dizziness or pain in arm when moving upper body

A

subclavian steal

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25
treatment of superficial wound dehiscence
frequent dressing changes
26
best treatment of cluster headaches
100% oxygen and sumitriptan
27
most common cause of secondary ITP
hep C and HIV - with joint complaints, autoimmune disorder (SLE)
28
bite cells and Heinz bodies
G6PD deficiency
29
vascular vs neurogenic claudication of back
``` vascular = exertional neurogenic = postural, lessened by spine flexion ```
30
lower extremity pain relieved with spine flexion
lumbar spinal stenosis
31
infertility in treated psych patients
may be due to hyperprolactinemia in dopamine antagonist like risperidone or first generations
32
key difference between normal teen behavior and depression
marked change from baseline - academic and social impairment
33
extra features of meth use
excoriations, poor dentition and aggression - can look similar to mania or psychosis
34
CMV treatment
gancyclovir
35
only definitive treatment of HELLP
delivery - over 34 weeks or worsening maternal status
36
treatment of viral conjunctivitis
cold compresses
37
treatment of allergic conjunctivits
antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers (olopatadine or azelastine)
38
stone search method in pregnancy
ultrasound, decreases radiation
39
orbital vs preseptal cellulitis
orbital has pain with EOM, proptosis, or ophthalmoplegia
40
kidney injury in antibiotics
interstitial nephritis
41
risk of nitroprusside in renal disease
cyanide toxicity
42
treatment for opioid withdrawal
low dose methadone
43
joint pain in adults from virus
parvovirus
44
most common cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis
GBS - can still have horizontal transmission in case of c section
45
most common cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell
s aureus and salmonella
46
association with primary sclerosing cholangitis
ulcerative colitis - pANCA
47
next step after negative throat rapid in suspected strep
throat culture
48
centor criteria in kids
not recommended to use before teens
49
initial treatment of c diff
vancomycin or fidaxomicin - add metronidazole if fulminant
50
common infections in Brutons
mucosal and sinopulmonary infections - caused by absent tyrosine kinase
51
relationship between heart failure and sodium
worse CHF = worse hyponatremia - due to increased release of ADH and free water retention
52
cause of sudden and severe meningitis in teens
neisseria
53
liver labs in tylenol vs alcohol
in 1000s in tylenol, AST higher than ALT in alcohol
54
medical treatment of primary hyperaldo
aldosterone antagonists - spironolactone or eplerenone
55
most common cause of increased fetal HR
maternal fever
56
Shy-Drager syndrome
multi-system atrophy | - parkonisms, autonomic dysfunction and widespread neuro problems
57
chronic fluctuating mood disorder
cyclothymic
58
focal sclerotic bone lesions
metastatic prostate cancer
59
bone findings in cervical spondylosis
bony spurs, sclerotic joints, narrowing disc spaces, hypertrophied disc bodies
60
timeline of preeclampsia
must be after 20 weeks - protein before that in urine is likely due to diabetes
61
secondary treatment of lyme in kids or pregnant women
amoxicillin
62
diabetes complications in pregnancy (hyperglycemia)
first trimester = heart defects | 2/3 trimester = infant can produce insulin, causes organomegaly and macrosomia
63
acrocyanosis
normal blue limbs in newborn
64
trachoma
- due to chlamydia eye infection - leading cause of blindness in world - conjunctival injection, tarsal inflammation, and pale follicles
65
difference between lacunar infarct and anterior infarct
``` lacunar = all limbs equally, pure motor anterior = lower more affected, can have bladder dysfunction ```
66
major risk factor for placenta previa
prior c section, multiple gestation and AMA
67
manifestations of Sheehan syndrome
fatigue, weight loss, hypotension, lack of breast feeding, amenorrhea
68
acute onset of joint effusion after minor trauma in child
concerning for hemarthrosis
69
common association in patients with borderline personality
childhood trauma
70
acid base disorder in hyperemesis
metabolic alkalosis due to GI losses
71
suprapubic pain that radiates down legs after traumatic delivery
pubic symphysis diastatsis
72
retic count in splenic sequestration in sickle cell
elevated - count is low in aplastic crisis
73
most common cause of aplastic crisis in sickle cell
parvovirus infection
74
main cause of metabolic syndrome
insulin resistence
75
removal of foreign body from vagina of child
warm water irrigation, avoid using speculum in children
76
hallmark of prolonged seizures
cortical laminar necrosis
77
kidney labs in pregnancy
decreased due to increase in GFR
78
cause of osteomalacia
low vitamind D leading to defective mineralization of osteoid matrix
79
osteitis deformans
same paget's disease
80
bone problem in RA
osteoporosis due to systemic inflammation causing bone loss
81
treatment for pseudotumor cerebri
acetazolamide
82
superimposed bacterial infection after flu in young patients
MRSA
83
electrolyte abnormalities in anorexia
hypochloremic, hypokalemic, metabolic alkalosis
84
best sensitivity for diagnosis of heart failure
BNP
85
mitral regurgitation towards end of pregnancy
peripartum cardiomyopathy
86
WBC in gout
should be in the 10,000s

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