4/23

Question 1

biggest risk in parenteral nutrition

Answer 1

bloodstream infection

Question 2

calcium oxalate crystals in urine

Answer 2

ethylene glycol poisoning

Question 3

loss of radial pulse during inspiration

Answer 3

due to pulsus paradoxus, decrease in systolic BP during inspiration from increased blood to RV bulging out septum in tamponade

Question 4

LFTs in COPD

Answer 4

decrease FEV1, Normal FVC, decreased FEV1/FVC

Question 5

most common cause of paraneoplastic cushing syndrome

Answer 5

small cell lung cancer

Question 6

use for vaginal misoprostol

Answer 6

labor induction (use oxytocin for labor contraction)

Question 7

diagnosis of SBP

Answer 7

PMN >250, culture, protein<1, SAAG >1.1

Question 8

location of brain metastasis

Answer 8

gray-white junction

Question 9

muscle enzymes in polymyositis

Answer 9

elevated, muscles are being broken down and regenerated

Question 10

focal seizures with impaired awareness

Answer 10

usually temporal lobe epilepsy, has automatisms followed by postictal confusion

Question 11

major risk in diabetic moms

Answer 11

respiratory distress and macrosomia in late term (pneumocytes are not developed)
- congenital anomalies in early term

Question 12

medical treatment of monomorphic vtach

Answer 12

amiodarone

Question 13

calcifications in pancreas

Answer 13

chronic pancreatitis (lipase levels may be normal)

Question 14

thin, shiny, hairless skin

Answer 14

think PAD

Question 15

symptomatic hypokalemia after HCTZ

Answer 15

think primary hyperaldo, use spironolactone

Question 16

common risk after major weight loss

Answer 16

gallstones

Question 17

dysmorphic RBCs on U/A is sign of…

Answer 17

glomerular pathology, cells are getting through but they get deformed

Question 18

how to tell upper GI bleed

Answer 18

BUN:Cr ratio higher than 20

Question 19

common cause of acute dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 19

coxsackie myocarditis - does not have pleuritic pain

Question 20

results of iron poisoning

Answer 20

GI bleed, emesis, lactic acidosis due to tissue destruction

Question 21

good initial test after afib is found

Answer 21

TSH

Question 22

knee locking or catching when extended under load

Answer 22

meniscal tear

Question 23

most common prognostic factor of astrocytoma

Answer 23

degree of anaplasma

Question 24

treatment of CLL

Answer 24

monoclonal antibody against CD20

Question 25

neuro defects in an IV drug user

Answer 25

brain abscess

Question 26

cause of hyponatremia in volume depletion

Answer 26

ADH is secreted to conserve volume, decreasing sodium

Question 27

causes of sepsis vs osteo in sickle cell

Answer 27

``` sepsis = s pneumo/h flu osteo = s aureus/salmonella ```

Question 28

when to use prophylactic antibiotics in dental procedures

Answer 28

serious heart issues - fake valves, previous infections, congenital heart disease

Question 29

doppler tracer direction

Answer 29

towards transducer is positive, away from is negative

Question 30

triad of acute chole

Answer 30

fever, RUQ and leukocytosis

Question 31

treatment of elevated bili with pancreatic mass that can't be resected

Answer 31

stent

Question 32

type of pain in avascular necrosis of bone in sickle cell

Answer 32

usually chronic - microvascular occlusion is acute

Question 33

u/a in multiple myeloma

Answer 33

normal, small amount of protein, but can not detect antibody

Question 34

mitral stenosis progression

Answer 34

heard closer to S2 the worse it gets

Question 35

relief of pain with elevation of testicle

Answer 35

acute epididiymitis

Question 36

juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 36

progress for absence seizures, start as myoclonus and can become generalized

Question 37

corkscrew appearance in small bowel

Answer 37

midgut volvulus

Question 38

main cause of symptoms in DKA

Answer 38

acidosis secondary to fatty acid breakdown in liver

Question 39

cells in CLL

Answer 39

smudge cells - increased fragility (ALL cells would be lymphoblasts)

Question 40

most common complication of hereditary spheocytosis

Answer 40

pigmented gallstones

Question 41

HIV med causing bizarre dreams

Answer 41

efavirenz

Question 42

test in hemodynamically stable aortic dissection

Answer 42

CTA or TEE

Question 43

lig lag is a feature of...

Answer 43

thyroid disease

Question 44

danger in giving triptan

Answer 44

avoid giving another triptan/ergot - can cause severe vasoconstriction

Question 45

symptoms of cataracts

Answer 45

blurry vision, glare and halos

Question 46

platelets after surgery

Answer 46

can have chronic thrombocytosis, especially after splenectomy

Question 47

most common cause of sterile pyuria with urethritis

Answer 47

chlamydia, can lead to infertility if not treated

Question 48

tocolytics to use by date

Answer 48

before 32 weeks = indomethacin | 32-34 weeks = nifedipine

Question 49

treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia

Answer 49

fibrates

Question 50

OCPs decrease the risk of...

Answer 50

ovarian and endometrial carcinoma

Question 51

hot shower making eye symptoms worse

Answer 51

optic neuritis in MS