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4/18 Flashcards

1
Q

gnawing constant epigastric pain and weight loss

A

pancreatic cancer

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2
Q

first step for PMS

A

symptom diary, can treat with SSRI/OCP

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3
Q

blue tinged mass in amenorrheic teen

A

imperforate hymen

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4
Q

stress incontinence in nulliparous woman

A

fibroid compressing bladder

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5
Q

diagnosis of esophageal spasm

A

esophageal manometry

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6
Q

sudden pain with movement and osteoporosis

A

vertebral compression fracture

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7
Q

risk with chantix

A

cardiovascular events

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8
Q

UTI treatment in infants

A

3rd gen cephalosporin, fluoroquines can disrupt cartilage development

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9
Q

inevitable abortion

A

must be before 20 weeks and have cervical dilation and bleeding

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10
Q

bleeding in pregnancy after 20 weeks

A

placenta previa

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11
Q

most common cause of neonatal hypothyroidism

A

thyroid dysgenesis

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12
Q

pemphigus vulgaris vs bullous pemphigoid

A 
PV = desmosomes, flaccid bullae, acantholysis
BP = pruritic, tense bullae, linear IgG deposits
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13
Q

todd paralysis

A

limited focal weakness or paralysis following general seizure

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14
Q

high AFP with wall defect

A

gastroschisis (generally an isolated defect

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15
Q

treatment of myasthenia gravis

A

pyridostigmine (anticholinesterase inhibitor

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16
Q

quad screen in downs

A

up-down-up-down

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17
Q

quad screen in edwards

A

all down

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18
Q

most common cause of pseudotumor cerebri

A

medications (vitamin A, tetracyclines)

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19
Q

type of cardioversion for SVT

A

synchronized (used unsynchronized for shockable rhythm)

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20
Q

acid base disturbance in adrenal insufficiency

A

non anion gap metabolic acidosis - H+ ions aren’t excreted

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21
Q

cause of hypercoagulability in nephrotic syndrome

A

loss of antithrombin III in the urine

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22
Q

itchy genitalia in kid at bedtime

A

can be helminth infection

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23
Q

most common cause of uncorrectable hypokalemia

A

hypomagnesemia

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24
Q

upper and lower motor neuron lesions in non ALS

A

cervical spondylosis and cervical spondylotic myelopathy due to narrowing

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25
initial treatment for venous insufficiency
leg elevation and compression stockings
26
butterfly pattern on CT
glioblastoma
27
screen for HCV
only in concurrent IV drug users
28
cause of hammer and claw toe deformities
diabetic peripheral neuropathy
29
chest xray in chronic aortic coarctation
rib notching
30
antidepressant most likely to cause hypertension
venlafaxine
31
newborn treatment with maternal hep B infection
hep B IG and vaccine
32
DLCO and A-a gradient in pulmonary fibrosis
DLCO decreased A-a increased
33
modifiable risk factor for breast cancer
estrogen exposure - decrease alcohol intake
34
treatment of intusseption
air or saline enema
35
bladder cancer screening
don't do it
36
multiple family members treated with splenectomy for RBC disorder
hereditary spherocytosis
37
rapid onset severe rash in palms and soles
TSS due to staph toxins
38
mittelschmerz
pain during ovulation
39
timeline of alcohol hallucinations
12-48 hours - also usually visual
40
PAS staining macrophages
Whipple disease
41
pap smear with atypical glandular cells in women over 35
can be endometrial cancer - do biopsy
42
acute otitis media vs serous otitis media
serous has no acute inflammatory signs, more likely to be chronic
43
evaluation of caustic injestion
xrays for signs of perforation (upper GI study if suspected) | - endoscope if patient is stable to survey damage
44
features of NF1
optic glioma, neurofibromas, cafe au lait, scoliosis, Lisch nodules
45
most common cause of death in ESRD
CVD - uremia and replacement therapy cause oxidative stress on vessels
46
muscle weakness with bulbar involvement
myasthenia gravis
47
initial treatment of BPH
alpha blockers - relax prostate muscle (can also cause hypotension)
48
downside of 5 alpha reductase inhibitors in BPH
reduce size of prostate and can take months
49
findings in NPH
enlarged ventricles
50
labs in tumor lysis sydrome
low calcium - phosphate binds and precipitates high phosphate - from cells high potassium - from cells
51
schizoaffective disorder
mood symptoms are more prominent
52
signs of central retinal vein occlusion
retinal hemorrhages, dilated veins and cotton wool spots
53
next step after active phase arrest
c section
54
treatment of TCA overdose
sodium bicarb, pH affects ability of TCA to bind
55
associated signs in juvenile arthritis
chronic oligoarthritis, rash and daily fevers
56
initial treatment of peritonsillar abscess
needle drainage
57
screening in FAP
annual colonoscopies starting at 10-12
58
alarm signs of back pain
previous malignancy, constant pain, neuro defects, sudden onset
59
febrile neutropenia treatment
fear of pseudomonas, treat with big guns (pip-tazo)
60
treatment of elevated homocysteine
B6 and folate to decrease DVTs
61
most common TE defect
proximal esophageal atresia with fistula
62
effect of potassium from beta 2 agonist
decrease, drives it into the cell
63
CMV retinitis
blurred vision, floaters and sensitivity to light - yellow fluffy hemorrhages along vasculature
64
bad sign in asthma exacerbation
normal PaCO2
65
punched out erosions with rims of cortical bone
pseudogout
66
erosion of the joint margins
RA
67
treatment for epiglotitis
ceftriaxone and vancomycin
68
treatment for trigeminal neuralgia
carbamezapine
69
signs of alpha 1 antitrypsin
COPD at young age or with no smoking history, liver disease

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