chapter 24 sulfonamides, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin

Question 1

ADRs in sulfa, trimethoprim, and nitrofurantoin (S.U.L.F.A.)

Answer 1

GI; n/v, diarrhea, stomatitis, 
CNS: headache, dizziness
S: Sun exposure, steven-johnson syndrome
U: undesirable effects-rashes
L: look for urine output decrease, fever, sore throat
F: fluids galore
A: anorexia, anemia

Question 2

clinical use for sulfa, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin

Answer 2

• usually when UTI’s
• MRSA susceptible in some areas
• low cost alternative for children>2 with PCN allergies

Question 3

pharmacodynamics of sulfa, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin

Answer 3

sulfonamides: blocks folic acid synthesis
trimethoprim: inhibits DNA synthesis
Nitrofuantoin: ihibits acetyl coenzymes
-active against gram-positive and gram negative bacteria
-e.coli, s. pyrogene, s. pneumoniae, h.influenza, some protozoas
-avoid in pts with G6PD deficiency