chapter 24 systemic azoles/antifungals

Question 1

pharmacodynamics for antifungals

Answer 1

• polyene macrolides: amphotericin B and nystatin
• azoles-broad spectrum: clotrimazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole, minonazole
• allylamines: against yeast
• flucytosine: nuclear acid inhibitor
• griseofulvin-for ring worm

Question 2

pharmacokinetics for antifungals

Answer 2

• itraconazole absorption increases with food
• griseofulvin absorption increases with fat
• fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole: inhibits CYP 450
• associated with hepatotoxicity

Question 3

clinical use of antifungals

Answer 3

• po used to treat superficial infections (candida, pityriasis versicolor) and dermatophytes (tinea infections), invasive systemic mycoses
• fluconazole requires loading dose

Question 4

antifungals

Answer 4

• fungi: highly organized cell within rigid cell wall
• lifecycle includes dormant spore stage
• occurs naturally and more prevalent because of overuse of abx
• candida albicans commonly found in blood