Chapter 12 Flashcards
red-green colorblindness
form of colorblindness where red and green are percieved by being identical
most common type
most common in males being sex linked
x chromsome
2 in females
1 in males
amniocentesis
a procedure that removes fluid surrounding the fetus to obtain and analyze fetal cells to diagnose genetic disorders
multifactorial inheritance
interaction between genes and the environment that contributes to a phenotype or trait
autosomes
paired chromosomes present in both males and females
all chromosomes except x and y
codominance
form of inheritance in which both alleles contribute equally to the phenotype
polygenic trait
trait whose phenotype is determined by the interaction among alleles of more than one gene
sex chromosomes
paired chromosomes that differ between males and females
xx in females
xy in males
trisomy 21
carrying an extra copy of chromosome 21
down syndrome
x-linked triats
phenotype determined by an allele on an x chromosome
y-chromosome analysis
comparing sequences on the Y chromosome to examine paternity and paternal ancestory
aneuploidy
abnormal number of one or more chromosomes (either extra or missing copies)
nondisjunction
failure of chromosomes to seperate
accurately during cell division in meiosis it leads to aneuploid gametes
sex-linked inheritance
pattern of inheritance that may result from a mutant gene located on either x or y chromosome
y-chromosome
sex chromosome normally present only in male cells