Modules 22

Question 1

Includes pattern that defines how often a desired response

will be reinforced

Answer 1

reinforcement schedule

Question 2

Involves reinforcing the desired response every time it

occurs

Answer 2

continuous reinforcement schedule

Question 3

Includes schedule reinforcing a response only part of the
time; results in slower acquisition of a response but much
greater resistance to extinction than does continuous
reinforcement`

Answer 3

partial (intermittent) reinforcement

Question 4

Every so many: reinforcement after every nth behavior, such as buy 10 coffees, get 1 free,

Answer 4

fixed ratio

Question 5

reinforcement after a random number of behaviors (i.e. slot machines)

Answer 5

variable ratio

Question 6

Every so often: reinforcement for behavior after a fixed time, such as Tuesday discount prices

Answer 6

fixed interval

Question 7

Unpredictably often:

reinforcement for behavior after a random amount of time, as when checking for a Facebook response

Answer 7

variable interval

Question 8

administers an undesirable consequence or withdraws something desirable in an attempt to decrease the frequency of a behavior (a child’s disobedience)

Answer 8

punishment

Question 9

Presenting a negative consequence after an undesired behavior is exhibited, making the behavior less likely to happen in the future

Answer 9

positive punishment

Question 10

Removing a desired stimulus after particular undesired behavior is exhibited, resulting in reducing behavior in future

Answer 10

negative punishment

Question 11

Is taking away a reward a punishment?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

spanking a child is an example of – punishment

Answer 12

positive

Question 13

punished behavior is – not forgotten. This temporary state may (negatively) reinforce parents’ punishing behavior

Answer 13

suppressed

Question 14

Punishment teaches – among situations. (same behavior different circumstances)

Answer 14

discrimination

Question 15

punishment can teach –

Answer 15

fear

Question 16

– may increase aggression by modeling aggression as a way to cope with problems

Answer 16

Physical punishment

Question 17

T/F: punishment changes learning

Answer 17

false

Question 18

changing/shaping behavior to get to the next level

Answer 18

operant conditioning

Question 19

everyday behaviors are continually reinforced and shaped

Answer 19

operant conditioning

Question 20

any event that strengthens a preceding response

Answer 20

reinforcement

Question 21

Gradually guiding toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior

Answer 21

shaping

Question 22

Skinner expanded on –

Answer 22

Thorndyke’s law of effect

Question 23

Skinner developed behavioral technology and principles of –

Answer 23

behavior control

Question 24

Increases behaviors by presenting positive reinforcers

Answer 24

positive reinforcement

Question 25

Is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response

Answer 25

positive reinforcer

Question 26

Increases behaviors by stopping or reducing negative stimuli

Answer 26

negative reinforcement

Question 27

Is any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response.

Answer 27

negative reinforcer

Question 28

Is unlearned; innately reinforcing stimuli

Answer 28

primary reinforcer

Question 29

Gains power through association with primary reinforcer

Answer 29

conditioned (secondary) reinforcer

Question 30

reinforcers can be – or delayed

Answer 30

immediate