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Psych 10 > Modules 37-39 > Flashcards

Modules 37-39 Flashcards

1
Q

are adaptive responses that support survival.

A

Emotions

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2
Q

Emotional components

A

arousal, behavior, cognition

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3
Q

– Theory: Arousal comes before emotion

A

James-Lange

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4
Q

James-Lange Theory Experience of emotion involves – of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli

A

awareness

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5
Q

– Theory: Arousal and emotion happen at the same time

A

Cannon-Bard

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6
Q

(Cannon and Bard): Emotion - arousing stimulus – triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion

A

simultaneously

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7
Q

(Cannon and Bard) Human body responses run – to the cognitive responses rather than causing them

A

parallel

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8
Q

Schachter and Singer Two-Factor Theory: – + – = Emotion

A

arousal + label

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9
Q

(Schachter and Singer) Emotions have two ingredients: Physical arousal and –.

A

cognitive appraisal

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10
Q

(Schachter and Singer) Arousal fuels emotion; cognition – it.

A

channels

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11
Q

(Schachter and Singer) Emotional experience requires a – of arousal.

A

conscious interpretation

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12
Q

(Schachter and Singer) Spillover arousal from one event to the next—influencing a response

A

spillover effect (riot after a sports event)

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13
Q
  • Sometimes emotional response takes neural shortcut that bypasses the cortex and goes directly to amygdala.
  • Some emotional responses involve no deliberate thinking.
A

Zajonc

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14
Q
  • Brain processes much information without conscious
    awareness, but mental functioning still takes place.
  • Emotions arise when an event is appraised as harmless or dangerous.
A

Lazarus

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15
Q

The component of emotion is regulated by the autonomic nervous system

A

arousal

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16
Q

In a crisis, the – automatically mobilizes the body for action.

A

fight-or-flight response

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17
Q

– peaks at lower levels of arousal for difficult tasks, and at higher levels for easy or well-learned tasks.

A

Performance

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18
Q

Like a crisis control center, the – nervous system arouses the body in a crisis and calms it when danger passes.

A

autonomic

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19
Q

Different emotions have – indicators.

A

subtle

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20
Q

Brain scans and EEGs reveal different brain – for different emotions.

A

circuits

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21
Q

Depression and general negativity: – frontal lobe activity

A

Right

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22
Q

Happiness, enthusiastic, and energized: – frontal lobe activity

A

Left

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23
Q

Nonthreatening cues are – easily detected than deceiving expressions

A

more

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24
Q

Firm handshake: –, expressive personality

A

Outgoing

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25
Q

gaze (prolonged eye contact) –

A

intimacy

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26
Q

Averted glance –

A

Submission

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27
Q

Stare –

A

Dominance

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28
Q

people can often detect – cues and threats, and signs of status

A

nonverbal

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29
Q

Gestures, facial expressions, and voice tones are – in written communication

A

absent

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30
Q

Women tend to read emotional cues more easily and to be more –

A

empathic

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31
Q

women express more – with their faces

A

emotion

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32
Q

People attribute female emotionality to –

A

disposition

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33
Q

male emotionality to –

A

circumstance

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34
Q

Gesture meanings vary among cultures; but – of emotion are generally the same.

A

outward signs

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35
Q

Musical expression of emotion – culture.

A

crosses

36
Q

T/F: Shared emotional categories do not reflect

shared cultural experiences.

A

true

37
Q

Facial muscles speak a – for some basic emotions;

A

universal language

38
Q

interpreting faces in context is –.

A

adaptive

39
Q
  • Facial expressions can trigger emotional feelings and signal our body to respond accordingly.
  • People also mimic others’ expressions, which help them empathize.
A

facial feedback effect

40
Q

Tendency of behavior to influence our own and others’ thoughts, feelings, and actions

A

behavior feedback effect

41
Q

unpleasant/negative + low arousal

A

sluggish, sad

42
Q

unpleasant/negative + high arousal

A

fearful, angry

43
Q

pleasant/positive + low arousal

A

relaxed

44
Q

pleasant/positive + high arousal

A

elated, enthusiastic

45
Q

isolated 10 basic emotions that include physiology and expressive behavior.

A

Izard

46
Q

With threat or challenge, fear triggers flight but – triggers fight—each at times an adaptive behavior.

A

anger

47
Q

Smaller frustrations and blameless annoyances can also – anger.

A

trigger

48
Q

– is one of the negative emotions linked to heart disease.

A

chronic hostility

49
Q

Emotional – may be temporarily calming, but in the long run it does not reduce anger.

A

catharsis

50
Q

T/F: Expressing anger can make us angrier.

A

true

51
Q

Controlled – of feelings may resolve conflicts, and forgiveness may rid us of angry feelings.

A

assertions

52
Q

T/F: Anger communicates strength and competence, motivates action, and expresses grief when wisely used.

A

true

53
Q

People’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood

A

Feel-good, do-good phenomenon

54
Q
  • Self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life

- Used along with measures of objective well-being to evaluate people’s quality of life

A

subjective well-being

55
Q

Scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive.

A

positive psychology

56
Q

three pillars of positive psychology

A

positive well-being
positive character
communities/culture

57
Q

Emotional ups and downs tend to – out; moods typically rebound

A

balance

58
Q

happiness is relative to our own experiences

A

adaptation-level phenomenon

59
Q

happiness is relative to others’ success

A

relative deprivation principle

60
Q

Describes tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience

A

Adaptation-level phenomenon

61
Q

Satisfaction comes from income rank, rather than income

A

Comparison phenomenon

62
Q

Involves perception that one is worse off relative

to comparison group

A

relative deprivation

63
Q

T/F: Wealth does correlate with well-being in some ways.

A

true

64
Q

Increasing wealth matters less once – are met.

A

basic needs

65
Q

T/F: Economic growth in affluent countries provides no apparent morale or social well-being boost.

A

true

66
Q

Happiness levels are product of – interaction

A

nature- nurture

67
Q

Twin studies: About – percent of happiness rating differences heritable

A

50

68
Q

T/F: Individual happiness level may influence national well-being

A

true

69
Q

10 basic emotions

joy, guilt, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, feat, shame, and –

A

interest-excitement

70
Q

sympathetic division

A

arousing

71
Q

parasympathetic divisions.

A

calming

72
Q

Sympathetic division: pupils

A

dilate

73
Q

Sympathetic division: salivation

A

decreases

74
Q

Sympathetic division: skin

A

perspires

75
Q

Sympathetic division: respiration

A

increases

76
Q

Sympathetic division: heart

A

accelerates

77
Q

Sympathetic division: digestion

A

inhibits

78
Q

Sympathetic division: adrenal glands

A

secrete stress hormones

79
Q

Sympathetic division: immune system – functioning

A

reduced

80
Q

10 basic emotions:

A

joy, interest-excitement, sadness, shame, surprise, anger, contempt, disgust, fear, guilt

81
Q

T/F: Even significant good events, such as sudden wealth, seldom increase happiness for long.

A

true

82
Q

Anger is most often evoked by – that we interpret as willful, unjustified, and avoidable

A

misdeeds

83
Q

T/F: even significant good events, such as sudden wealth seldom increases happiness for long

A

true

84
Q

Happiness: Personal History: emotions balance around level defined by –

A

experience

85
Q

Happiness: Culture: – in group value of traits

A

variation

Psych 10 (22 decks)

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