PEDI FINAL

Question 1

Which of these findings need to be reported for a child with nephrotic syndrome? (Serum protein 5.0g/dL, Hgb 14.5g/dL, Hct 40%, or Platelet 200,000 mm3)

Answer 1

Serum protein 5.0

Question 2

Clinical manifestations of a 10-year-old with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?

Answer 2

“cloudy, tea-colored urine,

periorbial edema,

ill appearance,

increased creatinine, and

hypertension

Question 3

sx of epispadias

Answer 3

widened pubic symphysis,
broad, spadelike penis,

urethra opened on dorsal surface,

possible exstrophy of bladder

Question 4

what to teach parent with child with UTI

Answer 4

encourage fluids

frequent voiding with complete emptying

cotton underpants

avoid bubble baths

wiping front to back

Question 5

sx of infant with UTI

Answer 5

increased thirst

irritability

increased urination

vomiting

fever

Question 6

Teaching a parent about dexamethasone (Decadron) to treat head injury?

Answer 6

it decreases cerebral edema (corticosteroid)

Question 7

Priority nursing action for a child who was in a MVA, who is unresponsive and has a laceration to the forehead that is bleeding?

Answer 7

keep the neck stabilized

Question 8

Teaching to the parent of a child who is to have an EEG?

Answer 8

avoid caffeine and analgesics prior to the test,

child’s hair should be washed prior to and after the test

Question 9

2 vaccines that decrease the incidence of bacterial meningitis in children?

Answer 9

PCV and Hib

Question 10

Clinical manifestation of a 4-month-old with meningitis?

Answer 10

high-pitched cry

Question 11

Nursing interventions for child with cystic fibrosis?

Answer 11

high calorie, high protein diet,

administer pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks,

increased fluids,

daily activity to lung expansion and

mucus excretion,

chest physiotherapy,

O2,

meds

Question 12

Clinical manifestations of Cystic fibrosis?

Answer 12

abnormal amount of sodium chloride in sweat,

wheezing,

clubbing of fingers and toes,

barrel-shaped chest,

thick, viscous mucus, and

delayed growth

Question 13

Medication to take as needed prior to exercise?

Answer 13

Albuterol

Question 14

Clinical manifestations of epiglottitis?

Answer 14

hoarseness, 
difficulty speaking, 
drooling, 
high fever, and 
stridor

Question 15

Which is a clinical sign of postop bleeding with a tonsillectomy?

Answer 15

frequent swallowing and clearing of the throat

Question 16

Nursing care for moderate burn

Answer 16

active and passive ROM, dressings to prevent infection, high-protein diet, reverse isolation

Question 17

Client burned and experiencing suspected septic shock. What are the S&S?

Answer 17

increased temp, 
altered sensorium, 
increased cap refill, 
decreased urine output, and 
decreased bowel sounds

Question 18

Nursing care for a client with a superficial partial thickness burn

Answer 18

apply cool, wet compresses, and gentle cleansing with tepid water,

antimicrobial ointment and nonadherent dressing,

analgesia,

Td if needed,

monitor for infection

Question 19

Teaching a parent about atopic dermatitis

Answer 19

hydrate skin with tepid baths, followed by emollient,

avoid irritants,

topical steroids

Question 20

Teaching a parent about pediculosis capitis

Answer 20

Treated with OTC 1% Permethrin shampoo,

vacuum carpet and furniture,

stuffed animals in sealed laundry bag for 2 weeks,

wash clothing and bedding in hot water,

remove nits

Question 21

Teaching an adolescent about care for Mononucleosis

Answer 21

drink plenty of fluids,

avoid strenuous activities,

allow for periods of rest,

gargle with warm saltwater,

antiviral med, and Tylenol

Question 22

Teaching a parent about Hand, foot, and mouth Disease

Answer 22

spread by direct contact,

most contagious during first week of illness,

can be contagious when free from symptoms

Question 23

Clinical manifestations of Pertussis

Answer 23

runny nose,

mild fever, and

whooping sound cough

Question 24

Immunizations for a 2-month-old

Answer 24

Rotavirus,

DTaP,

Hib,

PCV,

IPV,

HBV

Question 25

Contraindication to Varicella Vacccine

Answer 25

corticosteroid medications

Question 26

Which of the following findings should the nurse report for a 12-month-old infant?
Closed anterior fontanel, eruption of six teeth, birth wt doubled, birth length increased by 50%.

Answer 26

weight should have tripled by 12 months

Question 27

Which of the following motor skills should a 10-month-old infant be able to perform?
Grasp a rattle by the handle, try building a 2 block tower, use a crude pincer grasp, place objects in a container, and move objects from hand to hand?

Answer 27

Grasp rattle, use a crude pincer grasp, and move objects from hand to hand

Question 28

Which skills should an18 month old (toddler) be able to perform?
Build a tower with 6 blocks, throw a ball overhand, walk up and down stairs, draw circles, and use a spoon without rotation?

Answer 28

throw a ball overhand and use a spoon without rotation

Question 29

A pre-school age child says she needs to leave the hospital because her doll is scared at home alone. What is the characteristic of preoperational thought that the child is exhibiting?

Answer 29

animism

Question 30

An adolescent’s mother is concerned about her son sleeping long hours. Nurse informs mother that additional sleep is needed during adolescence due to?

Answer 30

adolescence is a time of rapid growth which results in a need for additional sleep

Question 31

What pain scale should be used for pain assessment on an infant?

Answer 31

FLACC

Question 32

In planning care for a child following a surgical procedure, how should the child receive their pain medication?

Answer 32

IV analgesics on a schedule

Question 33

How can a nurse provide atraumatic care for a toddler about to receive an IV insertion?

Answer 33

explain procedure using a toy, perform procedure in tx room, allow the child to make one choice regarding the procedure, and apply EMLA cream to 3 potential insertion sites

Question 34

What is the expected behavior of a preschooler in expressing fears about hospitalization?

Answer 34

preschool-age children are egocentric and relate fears to magical thinking

Question 35

Teaching parents about parallel play in children—what is it?

Answer 35

toddler plays independently but is among other children in a group

Question 36

Teaching parents about care for a child who has had watery diarrhea for 3 days?

Answer 36

initiate oral rehydration therapy to replace lost electrolytes, avoid carbonated beverages, and avoid drinks or popsicles with red food dye

Question 37

Nurse care for an infant who is post-op following cleft lip and palate repair?

Answer 37

avoid placing any objects in mouth that may interrupt healing of suture line,

minimize crying and stress on suture line by keeping the infant pain free,

I&O,

elbow restraints,

supine position to avoid stress on suture line