Unit 10 - Pregnancy induced hypertension

Question 1

what is toxemia or preeclampsia

Answer 1

pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)

Question 2

this condition can cause serious problems for both the mother and the baby if left untreated. It usually develops after the 20th week of pregnancy, It has been seen before 20 weeks of pregnancy and even in the postpartum period 1 to 3 days after birth of the infant. Along with high blood pressure, it causes protein in the urine, blood changes and other problems.

Answer 2

pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)

Question 3

3 symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)

Answer 3

• hypertension in pregnancy
• increased swelling in legs and extremities
• **protein spillage in urine

Question 4

main goal of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)

Answer 4

prevent the seizure

Question 5

Kidney/Renal issues causing spilling of protein in the urine:

• these patients are unable to accommodate for extra ~_____ liters of fluid associated with pregnancy. Their vessels do not _____ appropriately
• _____ of legs and extremities (seen in normal pregnancies also)
• fluid volume excess is created, putting undue pressure on _____
• kidneys lose their ability to filter properly and start to spill _____
• kidneys also lose the ability to filter other substances so the patient is in a state of _____

Answer 5

• these patients are unable to accommodate for extra ~2 liters of fluid associated with pregnancy. Their vessels do not dilate appropriately
• swelling of legs and extremities (seen in normal pregnancies also)
• fluid volume excess is created, putting undue pressure on kidneys
• kidneys lose their ability to filter properly and start to spill protein
• kidneys also lose the ability to filter other substances so the patient is in a state of toxemia

Question 6

PIH can prevent the _____ (which gives oxygen and food to your baby) from getting enough blood. If the placenta doesn’t get enough blood, your baby gets less oxygen and food. This can cause _____ _____ _____ and other problems for the baby.

Answer 6

placenta

low birth weight

Question 7

Most women who have PIH still deliver healthy babies. A few develop a condition called _____ (PIH with _____), which is very serious for the mother and baby, or other serious problems. Fortunately, PIH is usually detected early in women who get regular prenatal care, and most problems can be prevented.

Answer 7

eclampsis (PiH with seizures)

Question 8

Preeclampisa puts client at risk of having a _____

Answer 8

seizure (toxemia component)

Question 9

Common meds:

• raises the seizure threshold (makes it more difficult to have seizure)
• lowers the BP
• strong smooth muscle relaxant (significant effect on uterine contractions, used also as a tocolytic, i.e. stops labor)
• required hospitalization, one on one nursing coverage

Answer 9

Magnesium sulfate IV

Question 10

With mild Preeclampisa, proteinuria is generally between _____ mg/L (_____+ dipstick) and _____ g/L (_____+ dipstick), This measured in a midstream clean-catch or catheter-derived urine specimen.

Answer 10

300mg/L (1+ dipstick) and 1 g/L (2+ dipstick)

Question 11

Why corticosteroids for Preeclampisa

Answer 11

to increase surfactant levels in infant