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302: Scientic Basis Of Medicine > I&I - 3. Bacterial Pathogenesis & Infectious Disease > Flashcards

I&I - 3. Bacterial Pathogenesis & Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

By what qualities can bacteria be described / classed

A

Staining, growth, typing

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2
Q

How is gram stain done

What are the differences between each types of gram stain structurally

Give eg of both types of gram stain

A

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3
Q

In terms of atmosphere, how do bacteria grow differently. Give eg for both

A

What type of respiration:

  • s. aureus
  • e. Coli
  • clostridium
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4
Q

How can bacteria grow on agar

How can bacteria be typed?

A

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5
Q

What is difference between commensalism vs pathogen* —- also what does it depend* on

Give examples* of different end of spectrum

Eg on back

A 
Malaria HIV 
Staph epidermidis 
Strep pneumonia
Propionibacterium acnes
Staph Aureus
Neisseia meningitis
Candida albicans
Lactobacillus casei
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6
Q

Give eg of:
Gram positive cocci and rods
Gram negative cocci and rods

A

Full one separately

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7
Q

Staph aureus
Where can it be found
What are some common signs of infection

Pro for q’s on what

A

Furunculosis, staph abscess, impetigo

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8
Q

What gives staph aureus its virulence

How does each work? (Prompts on back)

A

Coagulase?

Adhesions? What in particular can do what.

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9
Q

Staphylococcal toxins

What types are there
—what do each do

Prompt on back

How are these encoded

A

Cytotoxins? — eg??
Exfoliating toxins?
Enterotoxins??

What can they lead to

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10
Q

PVL

What is it what is it caused by? Phys?
How does this look like
What can it lead to, where does this happen.

A

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11
Q

Scalded skin syndrome

What is it what is it caused by? Phys?
What are signs of it

A

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12
Q

Toxic shock syndrome

What is it? Caused by? Phys?
Symptoms?

A

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13
Q

Staph aureus and food poisoning

How and why does this happen

A

Enterotoxins, once ingested lead to rapid and brief ill, Vom, diarrhoea

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14
Q

Staph aureus infections — list and go through the various ways it can happen.

Prompts on back

A

Commensal, skin pathogen, vascular like
Bacteraemia — COMMONEST! Leads to various things….
Surg site infect
Toxin mediated

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15
Q

Coagulase negative staphylococci

What is this
What is the most common species of this
What can it do (briefly)

A

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16
Q

S epidermidis

Where? How does it infect? What can it lead to?
What type of bacteria is it

A

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17
Q

Streptococci

What type of bacteria
Where is it typically
How to classify this?

A

Give eg of each type of haemolysis

18
Q

Alpha / beta / gamma haemolysis

What does each indicate and for what bacteria is it used for.

Give eg for alpha and beta. And what can they cause

A

What type of haemolysis are the following:

S pneumoniae 
S mitis 
S canis 
S milleri 
S sanguis 
S pyogenes 
S equi
19
Q

What are some symptoms of S pyogenes infection?

A

Pyoderma.

Also, all beta haemolytic steps can cause pharyngitis and cellulitis

Necrotising fasciitis — how does this happen briefly. Some symp’s?

20
Q

Necrosis fasciitis

How does those present - symptoms and signs and bloods
What causes this and how

A

—-

21
Q

S pyogenes

Outline the different types of infection that it can do. — and what could each of these cause

PointOB

A

Superficial
Deep
Autoimmune sequalae

22
Q

S pyogenes structure

What are some features that give it its virulence and how?

PointOB

A

M protein — what is it what does it do

Exotoxins (which ones)

23
Q

Streptococcal M protein

What is it what doe sit do
How does it have its effect

Structure?

A

How does it partake in molecular mimicry?

What can this lead to

24
Q

List some”

Gram negative bacteria
Non bacterial pathogens

POB

A 
Neisseria
Fungal
Yeast
Haemophillus
E. coli
MOuld
Dimorphic fungi
Aspergillus species
C. difficile
25
Q

Enteriobacteriacia

What type of bacteria classed as

Common eg?

Where and how do they typically infect

A

—-

26
Q

E. coli

What major human diseases does it cause

What things (titles) give it its virulence. outline each one. POB

A

Adhesins? — how does its work
Siderophores?
Caspsule? — specific eg
Toxins? — what types? Egs on other one

27
Q

E. coli toxins

Which ones are there and what do each do

(Also outline other ways in which E. coli has its virulence)

A

Endo
Eco - cyclolysins
Enterotoxins — GI tract fluid leak
Verotoxins — ribo prot syn distrupted. What does this cause

28
Q

E. coli

What it it the commonest cause of?
What types of sepsis does it majorly contribute to?
What type of hospital acquired infections is it a major cause of?
What else is it the commonest of

Also, lately what’s been going n changing in terms of E. coli disease?

A

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302: Scientic Basis Of Medicine (39 decks)

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