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NUC0520 MED100c Terminology > Chapter 13: Blood System: Review > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Blood System: Review Flashcards

1
Q

White blood cell with reddish granules; numbers increase in allergic reactions:

a) lymphocyte
b) eosinophil
c) neutrophil
d) erythrocyte
e) basophil

A

b) eosinophil

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2
Q

Protein threads that form the basis of a clot:

a) fibrinogen
b) globulin
c) hemoglobin
d) thrombin
e) fibrin

A

e) fibrin

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3
Q

Method of separating out plasma proteins by electrical charge:

a) plasmapheresis
b) hematocrit
c) electrophoresis
d) coagulation time
e) leukapheresis

A

c) electrophoresis

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4
Q

Foreign material that invades the body:

a) neutrophils
b) macrophages
c) antibodies
d) antigens
e) granulocytes

A

d) antigens

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5
Q

Pigment produced from hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed:

a) serum
b) albumin
c) globulin
d) plasma
e) bilirubin

A

e) bilirubin

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6
Q

An undifferentiated blood cell is called a(an):

a) granulocyte
b) segmented cell
c) hematopoietic stem cell
d) thrombocyte
e) lymphocyte

A

c) hematopoietic stem cell

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7
Q

Anticoagulant found in the blood:

a) heparin
b) prothrombin
c) thrombin
d) gamma globulin
e) Vitamin B12

A

a) heparin

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8
Q

A disorder of red blood cell morphology is:

a) multiple myeloma
b) poikilocytosis
c) monocytosis
d) acute myelocytic leukemia
e) hemochromatosis

A

b) poikilocytosis

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9
Q

Deficiency in numbers of white blood cells:

a) neutropenia
b) hypochromia
c) leukocytosis
d) chronic lymphoid leukemia
e) spherocytosis

A

a) neutropenia

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10
Q

Immature red blood cell:

a) thombocyte
b) monoblast
c) segmented
d) erythroblast
e) megakaryoblast

A

d) erythroblast

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11
Q

Derived from bone marrow:

a) myeloid
b) lymphoid
c) granulocytopenic
d) polymorphonuclear
e) phagocytic

A

a) myeloid

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12
Q

Breakdown of recipient’s red blood cells when incompatible bloods are mixed:

a) erythrocytosis
b) hemolysis
c) embolism
d) anticoagulation
e) erythropoiesis

A

b) hemolysis

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13
Q

Sideropenia occurs causing deficient production of hemoglobin:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

b) iron deficiency anemia

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14
Q

Reduction in red cells due to excessive cell destruction:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

d) hemolytic anemia

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15
Q

Failure of blood cell production due to absence of formation of cells in the bone marrow:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

c) aplastic anemia

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16
Q

Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

e) thalassemia

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17
Q

Lack of mature red cells due to inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body:

a) pernicious anemia
b) iron deficiency anemia
c) aplastic anemia
d) hemolytic anemia
e) thalassemia

A

a) pernicious anemia

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18
Q

Excessive deposits of iron throughout the body:

a) polycythemia vera
b) Cooley anemia
c) purpura
d) hemochromatosis
e) thrombocytopenia

A

d) hemochromatosis

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19
Q

Symptoms of pallor, shortness of breath, infection, bleeding gums, predominance of immature and abnormally functioning leukocytes, and low numbers of mature neutrophils in a young child may indicate a likely diagnosis of:

a) sickle cell anemia
b) hemostasis
c) acute lymphoid leukemia
d) chronic lymphoid leukemia
e) hemoglobinopathy

A

c) acute lymphoid leukemia

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20
Q

Excessive bleeding caused by congenital lack of factor VIII or IX:

a) autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura
b) granulocytosis
c) polycythemia vera
d) erythremia
e) hemophilia

A

e) hemophilia

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21
Q

Venous blood is clotted in a test tube:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

d) coagulation time

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22
Q

Sample of blood is spun in a test tube so that red cells fall to the bottom and percentage of RBCs is taken:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

a) hematocrit

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23
Q

Blood smear is examined to determine the shape or form of cells:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

e) red blood cell morphology

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24
Q

Leukocytes are stained and counted under a microscope to see numbers of mature and immature forms:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

b) white blood cell differential

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25
Q

Venous blood is collected; anticoagulant added and the distance cells fall in a period of time is determined:

a) hematocrit
b) white blood cell differential
c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
d) coagulation time
e) red blood cell morphology

A

c) erythrocyte sedimentation rate

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26
Q

Blood protein that maintains the proper proportion and concentration of water in blood:

a) bilirubin
b) prothrombin
c) fibrinogen
d) albumin
e) globulin

A

d) albumin

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27
Q

Swelling; fluid leaks out into tissue spaces:

a) petechiae
b) edema
c) ecchymoses
d) dyscrasia
e) autologous transfusion

A

b) edema

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28
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE:

a) megakaryocytes
b) eosinophils
c) neutrophils
d) stem cells
e) immunoglobulins

A

e) immunoglobulins

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29
Q

Symptoms of disease return:

a) palliative
b) relapse
c) hemoglobinopathy
d) remission
e) spherocytosis

A

b) relapse

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30
Q

Relieving symptoms, but not curing disease:

a) coagulopathy
b) hemostasis
c) hematocrit
d) palliative
e) myelopoiesis

A

d) palliative

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31
Q

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin

A

bilirubin

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32
Q

Blood protein that maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

A

albumin

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33
Q

White blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

A

eosinophil

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34
Q

Blood clotting

A

coagulation

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35
Q

Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

A

electrophoresis

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36
Q

Foreign substance that stimulates the production of an antibody

A

antigen

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37
Q

Red blood cell

A

erythrocyte

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38
Q

Change in structure and function of a cell as it matures

A

differentiation

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39
Q

White blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin

A

basophil

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40
Q

Hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell formation

A

erythropoietin

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41
Q

Immunoglobulin produced by lymphocytes to combat specific antigens

A

antibody

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42
Q

Protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot

A

fibrin

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43
Q

Monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces; a phagocyte

A

macrophage

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44
Q

Response of the immune system to foreign invasion

A

immune reaction

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45
Q

Mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

A

lymphocyte

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46
Q

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

A

heparin

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47
Q

Destruction or breakdown of blood

A

hemolysis

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48
Q

Liquid portion of the blood

A

plasma

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49
Q

Blood protein containing iron

A

hemoglobin

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50
Q

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

A

fibrinogen

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51
Q

White blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules; neutrophil, basophil, and eosinophil

A

granulocyte

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52
Q

Plasma proteins; alpha, beta, and gamma

A

globulins

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53
Q

White blood cell containing granules and formed in bone marrow

A

neutrophil

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54
Q

Small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

A

platelet (thrombocyte)

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55
Q

Unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms; found in bone marrow

A

hematopoietic stem cell

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56
Q

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge

A

plasmapheresis

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57
Q

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells

A

serum

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58
Q

Protein with antibody activity; IgC, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE are examples

A

immunoglobulin

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59
Q

Immature erythrocyte

A

reticulocyte

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60
Q

White blood cell with dark-staining blue granules; releases heparin and histamine

A

basophil

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61
Q

Pertaining to a deficiency in colour (of red blood cells)

A

hypochromic

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62
Q

White blood cell with dark-staining red granules; elevated in allergic reactions

A

eosinophil

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63
Q

Disorder marked by abnormality in hemoglobin

A

hemoglobinopathy

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64
Q

Destruction or breakdown of blood (red blood cells)

A

hemolysis

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65
Q

Study of cells

A

cytology

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66
Q

Percentage of red blood cells in a volume of blood

A

hematocrit

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67
Q

Disorder or disease of clotting

A

coagulopathy

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68
Q

Deficiency of red blood cells

A

erythrocytopenia

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69
Q

Substance that stops blood clotting

A

anticoagulant

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70
Q

Deficiency of white blood cells

A

leukocytopenia

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71
Q

Immature bone marrow cell

A

myeloblast

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72
Q

Study of the shape (of cells)

A

morphology

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73
Q

Deficiency of neutrophils

A

neutropenia

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74
Q

Abnormal formation of bone marrow

A

myelodisplasia

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75
Q

White blood cell with one large nucleus

A

monocyte

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76
Q

Cell that eats or swallows bacteria and debris

A

phagocyte

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77
Q

Deficiency of iron

A

sideropenia

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78
Q

Deficiency of platelets

A

thrombocytopenia

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79
Q

Pertaining to a white blood cell with multi-lobed (shaped) nucleus

A

polymorphonuclear

80
Q

Immature white blood cell

A

monoblast

81
Q

Abnormal condition of small red blood cells

A

microcytosis

82
Q

Immature red blood cell

A

erythroblast

83
Q

Abnormal condition of red blood cells that are irregularly shaped

A

poikilocytosis

84
Q

Plasma is separated from other parts of the blood

A

plasmapheresis

85
Q

Abnormal condition of rounded red blood cells

A

spherocytosis

86
Q

Abnormal condition of large red blood cells

A

macrocytosis

87
Q

White blood cells are separated from other parts of the blood

A

leukapheresis

88
Q

Clotting cells are separated from other parts of the blood

A

plateletpheresis

89
Q

Iron-containing protein in red blood cells

A

hemoglobin

90
Q

Antibody-containing protein in blood

A

immunoglobulin

91
Q

Therapy used to dissolve (breakdown) clots

A

thrombolytic therapy

92
Q

Resembling bone marrow cells

A

myeloid

93
Q

Deficiency of granulocytes

A

granulocytopenia

94
Q

Increase in numbers of neutrophils

A

neurtophilia

95
Q

Abnormal condition of clotting

A

thrombosis

96
Q

Formation of blood

A

hematopoiesis

97
Q

Deficiency of all types of blood cells

A

pancytopenia

98
Q

Formation of bone marrow cells

A

myelopoiesis

99
Q

Stopping or controlling the flow of blood

A

hemostasis

100
Q

Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

A

purpura

101
Q

General increase in red blood cells (erythremia)

A

polycythemia vera

102
Q

Excess iron deposits throughout the body

A

hemochromatosis

103
Q

Hereditary condition characterized by abnormal crescent shape of erythrocytes and by destruction of red blood cells

A

sickle cell anemia

104
Q

Inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in person of Mediterranean background

A

thalassemia

105
Q

Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

A

mononucleosis

106
Q

Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

A

hemolytic anemia

107
Q

Failure of blood cell production due to absence of formation of bone marrow cells

A

aplastic anemia

108
Q

Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factor VIII or factor IX necessary for blood clotting

A

hemophilia

109
Q

Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body

A

pernicious anemia

110
Q

Abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen

A

chronic lymphoid leukemia

111
Q

Immature granulocytes predominate in the bone marrow

A

acute myeloid leukemia

112
Q

Both mature and immature granulocytes are present in the bone marrow and bloodstream

A

chronic myeloid leukemia

113
Q

Immature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow and lymph nodes

A

acute lymphoid leukemia

114
Q

Tiny purple or red flat spots on the skin as a result of hemorrhages

A

petechiae

115
Q

Causative agent in mononucleosis

A

Epstein-Barr virus

116
Q

Large blue or purplish patches on the skin (bruises)

A

ecchymoses

117
Q

Sideropenia is the cause of this condition

A

iron deficiency anemia

118
Q

Any disease of the blood or bone marrow

A

dyscrasia

119
Q

Disappearance of signs and symptoms of disease

A

remission

120
Q

Relieving, but not curing disease

A

palliative

121
Q

Disease symptoms and signs reappear

A

relapse

122
Q

Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow

A

multiple myeloma

123
Q

Increase in numbers of granulocytes associated with allergic conditions

A

eosinophilia

124
Q

Microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of RBCs

A

Red blood cell morphology

125
Q

Time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound

A

bleeding time

126
Q

Determination of number of blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and other RBC values

A

complete blood count

127
Q

Test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes

A

antiglobulin test

128
Q

Time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube

A

coagulation time

129
Q

Total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood

A

hemoglobin test

130
Q

Speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

131
Q

Number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

A

red blood cell count

132
Q

Number of thrombocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

A

platelet count

133
Q

Percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood

A

hematocrit

134
Q

apheresis

A

Separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood

135
Q

blood transfusion

A

Whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient

136
Q

bone marrow biopsy

A

Microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle

137
Q

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

A

Peripheral stem cells from a donor are administered into a recipient

138
Q

prothrombin time

A

Test of the ability of blood to clot

139
Q

white blood cell count

A

Number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter of blood

140
Q

white blood cell differential

A

Percentages of the different types of leukocytes in the blood

141
Q

A, B, O

A

Four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O

142
Q

baso

A

basophils

143
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

144
Q

diff.

A

differential count (white blood cells)

145
Q

EBV

A

Epstein-Barr virus

146
Q

eos

A

eosinophils

147
Q

ESR

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

148
Q

Fe

A

iron

149
Q

Hct

A

hematocrit

150
Q

Hgb

A

hemoglobin

151
Q

lymphs

A

lymphocytes

152
Q

mono

A

monocytes

153
Q

PT

A

prothrombin time

154
Q

PTT

A

partial thromboplastin time

155
Q

RBC

A

red blood cells; red blood cell count

156
Q

sed rate

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

157
Q

WBC

A

white blood cells; white blood cell count

158
Q

Red blood cell

A

erythrocyte

159
Q

White blood cell; phagocyte and precursor of a macrophage

A

monocyte

160
Q

Thrombocyte

A

platelet

161
Q

Bone marrow cell; gives rise to many types of blood cells

A

hematopoietic stem cell

162
Q

Leukocyte formed in lymph tissue; produces antibodies

A

lymphocyte

163
Q

Leukocyte with dense reddish granules; associated with allergic reactions

A

eosinophil

164
Q

Leukocyte (poly) formed in bone marrow and having neutral-staining granules

A

neutrophil

165
Q

Leukocyte whose granules have an affinity for basic stain; releases histamine and heparin

A

basophil

166
Q

Liquid portion of blood

A

plasma

167
Q

Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate erythrocyte production in bone marrow

A

erythropoietin

168
Q

Proteins in plasma; can be separated into alpha, beta, and gamma types

A

globulin

169
Q

Plasma protein that maintains the proper amount of water in blood

A

albumin

170
Q

Proteins made by lymphocytes in response to antigens in the blood

A

immunoglobulins (antibodies)

171
Q

leukocytopenia

A

Deficiency of white blood cells

172
Q

myelopoiesis

A

Formation of bone marrow

173
Q

anticoagulant

A

Substance that stops clotting

174
Q

thrombolytic

A

Pertaining to destruction of clots

175
Q

Irregularity in shape

A

poikilocytosis

176
Q

Immature red cells

A

erythroblast

177
Q

Reduction of hemoglobin

A

hypochromia

178
Q

Increase in numbers of small cells

A

microcytosis

179
Q

Erythremia

A

polycythemia vera

180
Q

Increase in numbers of large cells

A

macrocytosis

181
Q

Formation of red cells

A

erythropoiesis

182
Q

Destruction of red cells

A

hemolysis

183
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

Abnormally shaped red blood cells cause destruction of red blood cells (hereditary condition)

184
Q

aplastic anemia

A

Blood cells are not formed or produced in the bone marrow

185
Q

thalassemia

A

Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin

186
Q

Match the terms to it’s definition.

Terms:

  • relapse
  • remission
  • purpura
  • pancytopenia
  • palliative
  • eosinophilia
  • apheresis

Definitions:

a) Relieving, but not curing
b) Deficiency of all blood cells
c) Increase in numbers of granulocytes; seen in allergic conditions
d) Symptoms of disease return
e) Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages; blood accumulates under the skin
f) Separation of blood into its components
g) Symptoms of disease disappear

A

relapse:
d) Symptoms of disease return

remission:
g) Symptoms of disease disappear

purpura:
e) Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages; blood accumulates under the skin

pancytopenia:
b) Deficiency of all blood cells

palliative:
a) Relieving, but not curing

eosinophilia:
c) Increase in numbers of granulocytes; seen in allergic conditions

apheresis:
f) Separation of blood into its components

187
Q

A stained blood smear is examined to determine the shape of individual red blood cells

A

red blood cell morphology

188
Q

Measures the percentage of red blood cells in a volume of blood

A

hematocrit

189
Q

Determines the number of clotting cells per cubic millimeter

A

platelet count

190
Q

Ability of venous blood to clot in a test tube

A

coagulation time

191
Q

Measures the speed at which erythrocytes settle of out plasma

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

192
Q

Determines the numbers of different types of WBCs

A

WBC differential

193
Q

Determines the presence of antibodies in infants of Rh-negative women or patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A

Coombs test

194
Q

Undifferentiated blood cells from a donor are infused into a patient being treated for leukemia or aplastic anemia

A

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

195
Q

Time it takes for a small puncture wound to stop bleeding

A

bleeding time

196
Q

Needle is introduced into the bone marrow cavity, and a small amount of marrow is aspirated and then examined under the microscope

A

bone marrow biopsy

197
Q

Blood is collected from and later reinfused into the same patient

A

autologous transfusion

NUC0520 MED100c Terminology (131 decks)

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