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NUC0520 MED100c Terminology > Chapter 16: Skin: Pathology and Laboratory Tests > Flashcards

Chapter 16: Skin: Pathology and Laboratory Tests Flashcards

1
Q

lesion

A

Area of abnormal tissue anywhere on the body

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2
Q

crust

A

Collection of dried serum and cellular debris

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3
Q

cyst

A

Thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material

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4
Q

erosion

A

Wearing away or loss of epidermis

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5
Q

fissure

A

Groove or crack-like sore

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6
Q

macule

A

Flat, pigmented lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter

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7
Q

patch

A

A macule over 1 cm in diameter

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8
Q

nodule

A

Solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter

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9
Q

papule

A

Small (less than 1 cm in diameter) solid elevation of the skin

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10
Q

polyp

A

Growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane

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11
Q

pustule

A

Papule containing pus

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12
Q

ulcer

A

Open sore on the skin or mucous membrane (deeper than an erosion)

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13
Q

decubitus ulcer

A

Bedsores caused by pressure that results from lying in one position

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14
Q

abscess

A

Collection of pus

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15
Q

pilonidal cyst

A

Cyst found over the sacral area of the back in the midline and contains hairs

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16
Q

sebaceous cyst

A

A collection of yellowish, cheesy sebum commonly found on the scalp, vulva, and scrotum

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17
Q

plaque

A

Elevated flat lesion

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18
Q

pimple

A

Type of papule

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19
Q

vesicle

A

Small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum); blister

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20
Q

bulla
(singular)

bullae
(plural)

A

A large vesicle

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21
Q

wheal

A

Smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is centrally redder or paler than the surrounding skin

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22
Q

alopecia

A

Absence of hair from areas where it normally grows

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23
Q

alopecia areata

A

An autoimmune disease in which hair falls out in patches without scarring or inflammation

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24
Q

ecchymosis
(singular)

ecchymoses
(plural)

A

Bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin

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25
Q

petechia
(singular)

petechiae
(plural)

A

Small, pinpoint hemorrhage

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26
Q

pruritus

A

Itching

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27
Q

acne

A

Chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum

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28
Q

acne vulgaris

A

Caused by buildup of sebum and keratin in the pores of the skin

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29
Q

comedo
(singular)

comedone
(plural)

A

Blackhead

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30
Q

whitehead

A

A pore becomes completely blocked

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31
Q

burns

A

Injury to tissues caused by heat contact

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32
Q

first-degree burn

A

Superficial epidermal lesions, erythema, hyperesthesia, and no blisters

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33
Q

second-degree burn

partial-thickness burn injury

A

Epidermal and dermal lesions, erythema, blisters, and hyperesthesia

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34
Q

third-degree burn

full-thickness burn injury

A

Epidermis and dermis are destroyed (necrosis of skin) and subcutaneous layer is damaged, leaving charred, white tissue

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35
Q

cellulitis

A

Diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

36
Q

eczema

atopic dermatitis

A

Inflammatory skin disease with erythematosus, papulovesicular, or papalosquamous lesions

37
Q

exanthematous viral diseases

A

Rash (exanthem) of the skin due to a viral infection

38
Q

rubella

A

German measles

39
Q

rubeola

A

Measles

40
Q

varicella

A

Chickenpox

41
Q

gangrene

A

Death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

42
Q

impetigo

A

Bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions

43
Q

psoriasis

A

Chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

44
Q

palliative

A

Relieving symptoms but not curing

45
Q

scabies

A

Contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus

46
Q

scleroderma

A

Chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue

47
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus

SLE

A

Chronic autoimmune disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

48
Q

discoid lupus erythematosus

A

Photosensitive, scaling, plaque-like eruption of the skin confined to the face, scalp, ears, chest, arms, and back. It heals with scarring

49
Q

lupus vulgaris

A

A cutaneous form of tuberculosis

50
Q

tinea

A

Infection of the skin caused by a fungus

51
Q

tinea corporis

A

Ringworm. Infection is in a ring-like pattern

52
Q

tinea pedia

A

Athlete’s foot

53
Q

tinea capitis

A

Skin infection on the scalp

54
Q

tinea barbae

A

Skin infection under a beard

55
Q

tinea unguium

A

Skin infection of the nails

56
Q

urticaria

hives

A

Acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin

57
Q

angioedema

A

Swelling around the face

58
Q

vitiligo

A

Loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of the skin (milk-white patches). Form of leukoderma

59
Q

callus

A

Increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction

60
Q

corn

A

Type of callus that develops a hard core (a whitish, cone-shaped central kernel)

61
Q

keloid

A

Excess hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision

62
Q

keratosis

A

Thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis; associated with aging or skin damage

63
Q

cicatric

A

A normal scar left by a healed wound

64
Q

actinic keratosis

A

A precancerous lesion caused by long-term ultraviolet light exposure. Can evolve into squamous cell carcinoma

65
Q

seborrheic keratosis

A

A benign lesion that results from overgrowth of the upper epidermis and is dark in colour

66
Q

leukoplakia

A

White, thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek. Evolves to squamous cell carcinoma

67
Q

nevus
(singular)

nevi
(plural)

A

Pigmented lesion of the skin. Commonly known as moles

68
Q

dysplastic nevi

A

Moles that have atypical calls and may progress to form a type of skin cancer called melanoma

69
Q

verruca
(singular)

verrucae
(plural)

A

Epidermal growth (wart) caused by a virus

70
Q

verruca vulgaris

A

More frequent type of wart

71
Q

plantar wart

A

Occur on the soles of the feet

72
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

Malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

73
Q

squamous cell carcincoma

A

Malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

74
Q

malignant melanoma

A

Cancerous growth composed of melanocytes

75
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

Malignant, vascular neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules

76
Q

bacterial analyses

A

Samples of skin are examined for presence of microorganisms

77
Q

fungal tests

A

Scraping from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic examination

78
Q

cryosurgery

A

Use of subfreezing temperature achieved with liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue

79
Q

curettage

A

Use of a sharp dermal curette to scrape away a skin lesion

80
Q

electrodesiccation

A

Tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark

81
Q

Mohs surgery

A

Thin layers of malignant tissue are removed, and each slice is examined microscopically to check for adequate extent of the resection

82
Q

skin biopsy

A

Suspicious skin lesions are removed or sampled and examined microscopically by a pathologist

83
Q

skin test

A

Substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin, and results are observed

84
Q

patch test

A

An allergen-treated piece of gauze or filter paper is applied to the skin

85
Q

scratch test

A

Several scratches are made in the skin and a very minute amount of test material is inserted into the scratches

NUC0520 MED100c Terminology (131 decks)

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