9.4-9.5

Question 1

a motive that
appears to be unlearned but causes an
increase in stimulation, such as
curiosity.

Answer 1

Stimulus motive -

Question 2

theory of motivation in
which people are said to have an
optimal (best or ideal) level of tension
that they seek to maintain by increasing
or decreasing stimulation.

Answer 2

Arousal theory -

Question 3

someone who
needs more arousal than the
average person.

Answer 3

Sensation seeker -

Question 4

theories of
motivation in which behavior is
explained as a response to the external
stimulus and its rewarding properties.

Answer 4

Incentive approaches

Question 5

things that attract
or lure people into action.

Answer 5

Incentives

Question 6

○ First humanistic theory by
Abraham Maslow
○ Proposes that human needs
follow a hierarchical structure,
where lower-level needs must be
fulfilled before higher-level needs
can be addressed.

Answer 6

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Question 7

according to
Maslow, the point that is seldom
reached at which people have
sufficiently satisfied their lower needs
and achieved their full human potential.

Answer 7

Self-actualization -

Question 8

• the only need
  higher than self-actualization
  which is a search for spiritual
  meaning beyond one’s
  immediate self that Maslow
  added many years after his
  original hierarchy was
  formulated.

Answer 8

Transcendence -

Question 9

according to
Maslow, times in a person’s life
during which self-actualization is
temporarily achieved.

Answer 9

Peak experiences -

Question 10

the social
context of an action has an
effect on the type of motivation
existing for the action.

Answer 10

Self-determination Theory
(SDT) -

Question 11

Self-determination Theory
(SDT) -

Answer 11

Richard Ryan and
Edward Deci

Question 12

• the need to
  be in control of one’s own
  behavior and goals (i.e.,
  self-determination)

Answer 12

Autonomy

Question 13

____
needs help people gain a
complete sense of self and whole,
healthy relationships with others.

Answer 13

Three inborn and universal

Question 14

• the need to
  be able to master the
  challenging tasks of one’s
  life

Answer 14

Competence

Question 15

• the need to
  feel a sense of belonging,
  intimacy, and security in
  relationships with others.

Answer 15

Relatedness

Question 16

A ____ is
important for satisfying needs
and developing intrinsic
motivation.

Answer 16

supportive environment

Question 17

Across various cultures, the
needs for autonomy,
competence, and relatedness are
generally considered important,
despite differences in cultural
values such as ___
(United States and Great Britain)
versus ___ (Japan and
China).

Answer 17

individualism; collectivism