HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS Flashcards
causes?
intrinsic
- membrane defects
- enzyme deficiencies
- unstable hemoglobin
extrinsic
- antibody mediated
- traumatic/mechanical
- Infection
intravascular hemolysis
extravascular hemolysis
hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria are examples of?
intravascular hemolysis, hemolytic anemias
results in release of free hemoglobin?
hemoglobinemia
free hemoglobin excreted in the urine?
hemoglobinuria
this occurs within the reticuloendothelial system, like in the spleen?
extravascular hemolysis
what are the types of membrane defects?
hereditary spherocytosis
hereditary elliptocytosis
this is what type of membrane defect:
autosomal dominant
defect in cytoskeleton protein causing instability of membrane and formation of spherocytes
no definitive treatment, although splenectomy may be useful
hereditary spherocytosis
this is what type of membrane defect:
AD inheritance, 90% benign
cytoskeletal protein defects
altered erythrocyte shape, increased splenic clearance
hereditary elliptocytosis
what are the types of RBC enzyme deficiencies?
G6P dehydrogenase deficiency
other enzymatic deficiencies
- pyruvate kinase
- pyrimidine-5-nucleotides
most common RBC enzyme deficiency?
this is the first enzyme in?
G6P dehydrogenase deficiency
hexose monophosphate shunt, converting glutathione to reduced state, antioxidantst protection of RBC
accumulation of oxidized hemoglobin and other proteins results in?
Heinz bodies from iron deposits
patients have episodic anemia in times of oxidative stress due to?
infection
sulfa drugs
fava beans
this is necessary for glycolysis?
pyruvate kinase
this is necessary for RNA metabolism?
deficiency results in?
pyrimidine-5-nucleotidase
pyrimidine accumulation
basophilic stippling
hemolytic anemia
