9.5 - Satisfaction at Work (Theories of Job Satisfaction)

Question 1

Herzberg two factor theory (3)

Answer 1

Job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction are separate from each other

there are factors that cause satisfaction
there are factors that cause dissatisfaction

Question 2

Factors that cause satisfaction
Factors that cause dissatisfaction

Answer 2

1. Motivational Factors
2. Hygiene Factors

Question 3

Motivational Factors (3)

Answer 3

1. Satisfiers
2. Intrinsic elements of work
3. Eg: recognition, pleasure of doing work

Question 4

Hygiene Factors (3)

Answer 4

1. Dissatisfiers
2. Extrinsic elements of work
3. Eg: Pay, company policies, conditions of the work place

Question 5

1. High motivating + High Hygiene (3)
2. High motivating + Low Hygiene (3)
3. Low motivating + High Hygiene
4. Low motivating + Low Hygiene

Answer 5

1. Ideal situation
   + High motivation
   + Few complaints
2. • Motivated
     - Complaints
     Eg: Good job but low pay
3. • Few complains
     - not motivated
     Eg: Just working to get paid
4. Worst situation
   - not motivated
   - complaints

Question 6

Job Characteristics Theory (Hackman)

Answer 6

Job characteristics affects job satisfaction

Question 7

5 Job Characteristics (10)

Answer 7

1. Skill Variety: Obtain different skills
2. Task Identity: worker to complete a whole piece of work (rather than a single task in isolation)
3. Task Significance: worthwhile impact
4. Autonomy: Job should allow freedom
5. Feedback: (not from people) The work that has been completed well –> looking at the outcome

Question 8

Hackman claims that the 5 job characteristics produce 3 critical psychological states. What are they? (6)

Answer 8

1. Experienced meaningfulness: Their work has a purpose
2. Experienced responsibility: Feels accountable for their work and outcomes
3. Knowledge of result: They know how well they are preforming their job

Question 9

Job characteristics Theory’s conclusion

Answer 9

If employee is experiencing the 3 psychological states, it allows them to have positive feelings about themselves when they preform well

Question 10

Belias and Skikas

Answer 10

Researched an effected job design that can stimulate employees interest to work and increase job satisfaction

Question 11

Job Enrichment

Answer 11

involving workers in wider variety of tasks to preform to help increase their level of skill and responsibility

Question 12

Job Rotation (3)

Answer 12

Regularly changing worker’s task within normal role in pre determined way

+This introduces variety and prevents workers from becoming bored
–> increased skills and experience of the worker means they can undertake different roles depending on the need

Question 13

Job Enlargement

Answer 13

Increasing quantity or type of task

Question 14

What are the different types of Job Enlargement? And what do they mean?

Answer 14

1. Horizontal Job Enlargement
   –> giving workers more tasks to do with the same level of challenge (to increase variety)
2. Vertical Job Enlargement
   –> In addition to further decision-making responsibilities – higher-level, more challenging tasks. This increases the variety within job ability and status
   Eg: no formal promotion; but when given more freedom in a way they think is best