Infections of the Urinary Tract Flashcards
Most common cause of UTIs?
E. coli
What gender experiences more UTIs?
Females
Symptoms of UTIs?
Dysuria, urinary frequency, flank pain, fever
What is pyelonephritis?
Inflammation of the kidney due to ascending UTI
What physical exam finding is positive in pyelonephritis?
CVA tenderness
What cell casts are present during pyelonephritis?
WBC casts
Treatment for pyelonephritis?
IV or PO antibiotics 10-14 days targeted to organism.
Urinalysis findings in UTI/pyelonephritis?
Alkaline pH (high), + leukocyte esterase, + nitrite, +/- hematuria
What is the difference between cystitis and UTI?
In cystitis, infection reaches the bladder
A UTI can be classified as complicated the patient has at least 1 of the following: (10)
Predisposing conditions Male sex Elderly Pregnancy Previous hospitalization Indwelling catheter Recent treatment with abx Symptoms > 7 days Functional or abnormal anatomy of urinary tract Recent UTI
Describe an uncomplicated UTI patient.
Healthy, non-pregnant, pre-menopausal, intact urinary tract system
Treatment for uncomplicated UTI?
Short course of antibiotics - 3 days
Treatment for complicated UTIs?
7-10 days of antibiotics
Antibiotic options for UTIs?
Nitrofurantoin, cipro, levaquin, bactrim, amoxicillin, cephaliexin
What antibiotic works only in the bladder?
Nitrofurantoin
