a&p lab exam 3

Question 1

Auricle

Answer 1

Funnel for sound waves

Question 2

Auditory canal

Answer 2

(External acoustic meatus) passageway for sound waves

Question 3

Tympanic membrane

Answer 3

(Ear drum) vibrates upon sound wave arrival

Question 4

Tympanic cavity

Answer 4

Air filled chamber in temporal bone

Question 5

Auditory ossicles

Answer 5

Transmit vibrations to oval window ( malleus , incus , stapes)

Question 6

Malleus

Answer 6

First ossicle to vibrate

Question 7

Incus

Answer 7

Middle ossicle to vibrate

Question 8

Stapes

Answer 8

Final ossicle to vibrate at oval window

Question 9

Oval window

Answer 9

Opening at lateral wall of inner ear

Question 10

Semicircular ducts

Answer 10

Equilibrium organ

Question 11

Cochlea

Answer 11

Converts sound waves to nerve impulses at spiral organ

Question 12

Vestibulocholear nerve VIII

Answer 12

Vestibular nerve-balance branch
Cochlear- hearing branch

Question 13

Hyperopia

Answer 13

Farsightedness

Question 14

Myopia

Answer 14

Nearsightedness

Question 15

Emmetrophia

Answer 15

Normal

Question 16

Astigmatism

Answer 16

Defect in the curvature of the cornea or lens

Question 17

Accommodation

Answer 17

The eyes ability to focus of objects at different distances

Question 18

Snellen eye chart

Answer 18

Bottom normal represents the regular/perfect vision . The numbers represent the amount of feet you have to be at the read the letters

Question 19

Blind spot

Answer 19

Where the optic nerve and blood vessels enter the eye , lacking photoreceptors

Question 20

Describe the photoreceptors in these 3 places . Rods , cones , macula lutea

Answer 20

Rods- dim light
Cones - bright color (blue , green, red)
Macula lutea-yellow spot

Question 21

Sclera

Answer 21

White protective layer of dense fibrous connective tissue

Question 22

Choroid

Answer 22

Rich blood vessel area , absorbs light to prevent light scattering and reflecting . Contains melanin secreting melanocytes

Question 23

Cilliary body

Answer 23

Thickest part of the middle layer ,

Question 24

Iris

Answer 24

Smooth muscles that change pupil diameter

Question 25

Pupil

Answer 25

Opening at the center of the Irish allowing light passage

Question 26

Lens

Answer 26

Transparent , focuses light onto retina

Question 27

Vitreous humor

Answer 27

Gel like substance behind lens and in front of retina . ( in the posterior chamber )

Question 28

Aqueous humor

Answer 28

Water like fluid in front of the lens . ( in the anterior chamber)

Question 29

Retina

Answer 29

Sensory layer with rods and cones

Question 30

Optic disc

Answer 30

Location where optic nerve leaves eye . Blind spot

Question 31

Teptum lucidum

Answer 31

Reflective layer allowing night vision . Not found in humans

Question 32

Cornea functions

Answer 32

Bends the light to focus it on the retina, essential for sharp vision

Question 33

Layers of the meninges from superficial to deep

Answer 33

Dura, arachnoid , pita

Question 35

Layers the meninges from superficial to deep , including the spaces

Answer 35

Dura Epidural space Subdural space Arachnoid mater Subarachnoid space Pia mater

Question 36

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 36

Respond to touch , stretch , vibration and pressure. Encapsulated tactile (meissners) corpuscle , encapsulated lamellated (pacinian) corpuscle

Question 37

Thermoreceptors

Answer 37

Responds to temperature changes Free nerve endings for warm temperatures , free nerve endings for cold temperatures

Question 38

Nociceptors

Answer 38

Respond to intense mechanical , chemical , or temperature stimuli , ( pain) Free nerve endings for pain

Question 39

2 point threshold

Answer 39

The smallest distance between two points that a person can distinguish as two separate stimuli rather than one.