Acne - Chapter 41

Question 1

Acne Vulgaris

Answer 1

-A disorder resulting from action of hormones and other substances on the skins sebaceous glands and hair follicles that leads to clogged pores and breakouts

Question 2

Comedones

Answer 2

-Enlarged, plugged hair follicles

Question 3

Treatment Goals For Acne

Answer 3

• Heal existing lesions
• Stop new lesions from forming
• Prevent scarring
• Minimize psychological stress and embarrassment

Question 4

Treatment of Mild Acne

Answer 4

• Mild soap and water with gentle cleansing

- Topical OTC medicines containing keratolytics (salycilic acid, benzoyl peroxide)

Question 5

Salicylic Acid

Answer 5

• Helps break down blackheads and whiteheads

- helps cut down the shedding of cells lining the hair follicles

Question 6

Brand: Various OTC products including Clearasil

Answer 6

Generic: salicylic acid

Question 7

Benzoyl Peroxide

Answer 7

• Most widely used OTC medication
• Prevents closure of the pilosebacious duct
• promotes increased sloughing and resolution of comedones

Question 8

Brand: Benzac AC, Benzac W, Benzagel, Clearasil, Clean and Clear, Panoxyl, Proactiv

Answer 8

Generic: benzoyl peroxide

Question 9

Treatment of

Moderate Acne

Answer 9

• Oral and/or topical antibiotics
• prescription strength topical keratolytics
• Vitamin A derivatives
• Oral contraceptives
• Physical methods
• UV light therapy

Question 10

Oral Antiinfectives for Moderate Acne (Systemic)

Answer 10

• tetracycline
• doxycycline
• minocycline
• clindamycin
• sulfonamides
• erythromycin

Question 11

Brand: Apprilon, Doxycin, Vibra-Tabs, Vibramycin

Answer 11

Generic: doxycycline

Question 12

Brand: erythromycin

Answer 12

Generic: erythromycin

Question 13

Brand: minocin

Answer 13

Generic: Minocycline

Question 14

Brand: tetracycline

Answer 14

Generic: tetracycline

Question 15

Topical Antiinfectives for Moderate Acne Examples

Answer 15

• sulfacetamide/sulfur
• clindamycin
• benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin
• benzoyl peroxide/erythromycin
• azelaic acid

Question 16

Brand: Sulfacet-R

Answer 16

Generic: sulfacetamide/sulfur

Question 17

Brand: Clindets, Dalacin T

Answer 17

Generic: clindamycin

Question 18

Brand: Benzaclin, Clindoxyl, Clindoxyl ADV

Answer 18

Generic: benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin

Question 19

Brand: Benzamycin

Answer 19

Generic: benzoyl peroxide/erythromycin

Question 20

Brand: Finacea

Answer 20

Generic: azelaic acid

-Keratolytic

Question 21

Acne Rosacea

Answer 21

• Blood vessels of the face become swollen after repeated exposure to certain triggers
• Starts as simple blushing, but advances into bumps on the face that look like acne

Question 22

Topical Retinoids for Moderate Acne

Answer 22

-Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives

Question 23

Topical Retinoids Examples

Answer 23

• tretinoin
• tretinoin/erythromycin
• tretinoin/clindamycin
• adapalene
• adapalene/benzoyl peroxide
• tazarotene

Question 24

Brand: Retin-A, Retin-A Micro,Stieva-A, Vitamin-A Acid

Answer 24

Generic: tretinoin

Question 25

Brand: Stievamycin

Answer 25

Generic: tretinoin/erythromycin

Question 26

Brand: Biacna

Answer 26

Generic: tretinoin/clindamycin

Question 27

Brand: Differin, Differin XP

Answer 27

Generic: adapalene

Question 28

Brand: TactuPump, TactuPump Plus

Answer 28

Generic: adapaline/benxoyl peroxide

Question 29

Brand: Tazorac

Answer 29

Generic: tazarotene -Retinoid prodrug

Question 30

Treatment of Severe Acne

Answer 30

- Drainage and surgical excision - Interlesional corticosteroid injection - Oral Retinoid - Oral antibiotics - Oral contraceptives

Question 31

Isotretinoin

Answer 31

- Reduces production of sebum and shrinks sebaceous glands - Stabilizes and prevents comodones - Alters DNA transcription

Question 32

Brand: Accutane, Epuris

Answer 32

Generic: isotretinoin

Question 33

Isotretinoin Restricitons

Answer 33

- NO PREGNANCY - Category X - Strongly encouraged to dispense 1 month supply only - Must have monthly liver function tests

Question 34

Isotretinoin ADR's

Answer 34

- Extreme dryness of eyes, mouth, nose, lips, and skin - Changes in mood and depression - Poor night vision - Impaired liver function - Hyperglycemia - Photosensitivity - Fetal deformities

Question 35

Isotretinoin Warning Labels

Answer 35

- TAKE WITH FOOD - AVOID PROLONGUES EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT - AVOID PREGNANCY

Question 36

Treatments for Hormonally Influenced Acne in Women

Answer 36

-In some women acne is caused by an excess of androgen hormones

Question 37

Hormonally Influenced Acne Drugs Examples

Answer 37

- oral contraceptives - spironolactone - ethinyl estradiol/cyproterone

Question 38

Brand: Aldactone

Answer 38

Generic: spironolactone

Question 39

Brand: Diane

Answer 39

Generic: ethinyl estradiol/cyproterone