Action Research

Question 1

He coined the term “action research” in 1944

Answer 1

Kurt Lewin

Question 2

Qualities of a good action researcher

Answer 2

The desire to develop teaching skills and knowledge and take action to improve student learning

Question 3

Action research is a ____________ inquiry with the aim of improving issues concerns affecting the classroom

Answer 3

systematic

Question 4

It provides teachers with new knowledge and understanding about how to improve educational practices or resolve significant problems in classrooms and schools

Answer 4

Action Research

Question 5

Action research is one form of __________________ because it draws on a range of designs and methodologies

Answer 5

applied research

Question 6

Impacts of action research on teachers

Answer 6

Building confidence in instructional decisions, contributing to the professional culture of teaching, and helping build a reflective practice based on proven techniques

Question 7

Action research develops quality teachers to attain _________________ and __________________

Answer 7

quality learning, quality assurance

Question 8

______________________ and ____________________________ has been directly linked to conducting action research

Answer 8

Professional growth, development of teachers

Question 9

Action research can develop teachers into becoming _________________________ for school-wide system

Answer 9

transformative leaders

Question 10

Action research aims to improve teaching _______________________________

Answer 10

towards learning outcome

Question 11

The goal of action research is ______________________

Answer 11

positive change

Question 12

Action research should involve a plan of action that will allow the teacher- researcher to ________ a change and to _________ that change

Answer 12

make, study

Question 13

Action research places its emphasis on ________________ - here and now in a local setting

Answer 13

real problems

Question 14

Through action research, teachers employ _______________________ on a daily basis in their classrooms

Answer 14

critical self-reflection

Question 15

Action research entails an ongoing process of reflection and revision. We say that action research is ____________ since plans are created, implemented, revised, then implemented

Answer 15

iterative

Question 16

Action research entails an ongoing process of ______________ and ____________. We say that action research is iterative since plans are created, implemented, revised, then implemented

Answer 16

reflection, revision

Question 17

Teacher Action Research is ______________ rather than summative since it is an ongoing process of evaluation, recommendation, practice, reflection, and re-evaluation

Answer 17

formative

Question 18

Teacher Action Research can be a tool for _________ and ____________________________ because it engages the community the evaluative effort and, as a result, give the community ownership of and responsibility for change

Answer 18

equity, multicultural education

Question 19

Action research aims to improve education through change by encouraging teachers to be aware of their own practice. It is therefore ______________

Answer 19

reflective

Question 20

Being _______________ is one of the pedagogic perspectives of action research as it entails learning by doing

Answer 20

pragmatic

Question 21

In action research, all participants can contribute to and benefit from the process. It is therefore ________________

Answer 21

empowering

Question 22

In action research, meaning is constructed using participants’ multiple realities in the situation, making it an _________________ research approach

Answer 22

interpretative

Question 23

Action research is carried out by individuals with a common purpose; therefore, it is both ______________ and _________________

Answer 23

participative, collaborative

Question 24

Action research views the problem from the point of view of _________________________________

Answer 24

those involved or the participants

Question 25

Some of the purposes of action research is that it answers questions regarding the __________________________________________________, _____________________________, and ______________________________________

Answer 25

effectiveness of specific instructional strategies, performance of students, classroom management techniques

Question 26

Action research offers _____________________ rather than theoretical which is the aim of formal research

Answer 26

practical significance

Question 27

According to Glanz (1998), the four-step process for action research to examine educational problems in schools setting are

Answer 27

1. Select a focus 2. Collect data 3. Analyze and interpret data 4. Take action

Question 28

Basic action research cycle includes the following steps

Answer 28

1. Propose a change 2. Engage in action 3. Observe results 4. Reflect on action

Question 29

The ____________________________ provides the information of what the research is all about, the purpose of the study and the situation challenging to the reader to read

Answer 29

research introduction

Question 30

Data for action research can come from multiple sources, including student grades, homework completion, interviews, written texts, etc. The use of multiple data sources is termed ________________

Answer 30

triangulation

Question 31

In gathering data for an Action Research, at least __________ sources must be used. This implies triangulation

Answer 31

three

Question 32

To achieve ________________, there should be the involvement of different people to interpret a given data

Answer 32

corroboration

Question 33

_______________ and ________________ increase the credibility of the information in action research

Answer 33

Triangulation, corroboration

Question 34

It is an in-depth description of a process, experience, or structure at single institution

Answer 34

Case Study

Question 35

Action research is a __________ process which follows these steps: identifying the problem; developing a plan of action; collecting data; analyzing data and forming conclusions; modifying your theory and repeating the cycle; and lastly, reporting the results.

Answer 35

cyclical

Question 36

Action research is a cyclical process which follows these steps:

Answer 36

Identifying the problem; Developing a plan of action; Collecting data; Analyzing data and forming conclusions; Modifying your theory and repeating the cycle; and lastly, Reporting the results

Question 37

Teacher research are focused on _________________ in the classroom to support the needs of the learners. Impacts of the results of these research may extend beyond the classroom

Answer 37

bringing change

Question 38

Academic research can be generalized to larger populations, while action research is more interested in ________________________________________________________________________________

Answer 38

gaining knowledge directly applied to the educators' own teaching context

Question 39

Good action research topics in education are __________________, ___________, and _________________________________________________________________

Answer 39

**meaningful**, **concise**, **higher-order questions** that have not already been answered

Question 40

Action research can be connotated as the following:

Answer 40

Teacher's research; Practitioner's research; Teacher-as-scholar research; Practical inquiry; Interactive research; Classroom inquiry; and Practice-centered inquiry

Question 41

Classroom action research begins with a _________________________ about classroom experiences, issues or challenges

Answer 41

question or questions

Question 42

Various types of action research include the following:

Answer 42

1. Individual Action Research 2. Collaborative Action Research 3. School-wide Action Research 4. District-wide Action Research

Question 43

This research usually focuses on a single issue in the classroom

Answer 43

Individual Action Research

Question 44

_______________________ and ________________ may be potentially impacted by an individual action research

Answer 44

Curriculum instruction, assessment

Question 45

A person that may be tapped for support in an individual action research

Answer 45

A coach or mentor

Question 46

It involves as few as two teachers or a group of several teachers and other interested individuals in solving a classroom or department issue

Answer 46

Collaborative Action Research

Question 47

The areas where a collaborative action research can have an impact on

Answer 47

Curriculum instruction, assessment, and policy

Question 48

Improved collegiality and formation of partnerships are effects of a ___________________________________

Answer 48

collaborative action research

Question 49

It is believed to have a potential impact on school restructuring, policy changes, parental involvement, and evaluation of programs

Answer 49

School-wide Action Research

Question 50

In a school-wide action research, ______________________ is identified as one of the critical supports needed

Answer 50

school commitment

Question 51

This action research may potentially impact the allocation of resources, professional development activities, organizational structures, and policies

Answer 51

District-wide Action Research

Question 52

For organization, community-based, performance-based, or processes for decision-making, a ______________________________ is mostly utilized

Answer 52

district-wide action research

Question 53

________________ and ___________________________ are the focus of a district-wide action research

Answer 53

District issues, organizational structures

Question 54

Action research in schools investigates human actions and social situations that are experienced by teachers as ________________________

Answer 54

susceptible to change

Question 55

Varieties of Action Research

Answer 55

1. Diagnostic 2. Participatory 3. Empirical 4. Experimental

Question 56

The ____________ variety of an Action Research is designed to lead to action

Answer 56

Diagnostic

Question 57

This action research can provide under favorable circumstances a definitive test of a specific hypothesis

Answer 57

Experimental Action Research

Question 58

An action research that entails record-keeping and accumulating experiences in a day to day work

Answer 58

Empirical Action Research

Question 59

Action research uses an _____________ reasoning approach

Answer 59

inductive

Question 60

For an action research problem to be worthwhile, it should have an immediate benefit for the ___________, ____________, the ________________, _________, the _______________, the _______________, and the _________as a whole

Answer 60

learners, teachers, management, school, stakeholders, communities, society

Question 61

A sampling technique utilized in action research, whereby students and/or members of the school are usually selected as samples

Answer 61

Purposive Sampling

Question 62

Some areas of interest for Action Research include:

Answer 62

1. Inclusive education 2. Learning assessment 3. Continuing Professional Development 4. Services and support system 5. Quality assurance mechanisms 6. Class discipline and student behavior

Question 63

In action research, events are interpreted as ________________ and ________________ rather than natural processes subject to the laws of natural science

Answer 63

human actions, transactions

Question 64

In the context of action research, four basic themes are drawn which include:

Answer 64

1. Empowerment of participants 2. Collaboration through participation 3. Acquisition of knowledge 4. Social change

Question 65

Ethics of _____, ethics of __________, ethics of ____________, and ethics of ________________ are the four types of ethical practices in Action Research

Answer 65

hope, caring, openness, responsibility

Question 66

Analysis of data in an Action Research can be done by generally grouping raw data using ______________________

Answer 66

descriptive statistics

Question 67

To avoid complexity in gathering data in action research, the teacher- researcher should utilize _________________ generated, kept, and controlled by the teacher-researcher

Answer 67

available data

Question 68

How can accounts or information of action research be validated?

Answer 68

Through **dialogue** with participants

Question 69

Is action research conducted primary to generate theories for knowledge and science development?

Answer 69

Action research is NOT conducted primary to generate theories for knowledge and science development, rather, it is used by teachers, supervisors, and administrators to improve the quality of their decisions and actions

Question 70

To avoid difficulty in identifying a topic or problem, a teacher can conduct ____________________________ or conversation with colleagues about common problems encountered inside the classroom

Answer 70

small group discussion

Question 71

Teachers can gain confidence to pursue research work by being prepared through ____________, ______________, and ______________

Answer 71

reading, learning, training

Question 72

__________________________ is key to school improvement

Answer 72

Teacher improvement

Question 73

An action research that is more concerned with the teaching process than with the topics taught

Answer 73

Classroom Action Research

Question 74

Conclusions of an Action Research cover only ___________________, where the study was conducted

Answer 74

specific contexts

Question 75

In a formal research, generalizability of results is possible. However, for an Action Research, generalizability is _______________

Answer 75

very limited

Question 76

If minors are needed to participate in an action research, ____________________ could pose a challenge in data gathering

Answer 76

parental consent

Question 77

Plans and procedures for research that include detailed methods of data collection and analysis

Answer 77

Research Design

Question 78

Criteria for selecting a research design include:

Answer 78

1. Research problem 2. Personal experience of the researcher 3. Audience

Question 79

A teacher who aims to rediscover a theory to support and validate research findings. Can this teacher be considered an action researcher?

Answer 79

A teacher who aims to rediscover a theory to support and validate research findings CANNOT be considered as an action researcher

Question 80

It is most effective in addressing student engagement concern in class

Answer 80

Group performance assessment

Question 81

The most appropriate method to explore the behavior, learning patterns, reasoning mechanisms and creativity exhibited during activities of preschoolers

Answer 81

Naturalistic Observation

Question 82

_______________ and ____________ of results and findings will be a challenge in action research since validation and sampling measures are not much stressed, but more on finding solutions to identified problems and for the improvement of teaching and learning

Answer 82

Consistency, reliability

Question 83

A sense of ________________ is implored when action research is intended to influence thinking skills, sense of efficacy, willingness to share and communicate attitudes toward process of change

Answer 83

collaboration

Question 84

An __________________________ communicates what was done and the result, shows presentation and analysis of data, the statement of findings, implications and conclusions

Answer 84

action research report

Question 85

One of the strategies to further and strengthen research dynamics in an institution towards building a research-driven culture

Answer 85

**Collective sharing of research findings** with other schools and districts

Question 86

In _____________________, the teacher-researcher simply writes down what was observed

Answer 86

direct observation

Question 87

With __________________________, the teacher-researcher writes down an observation that is inferred by the subject's body language and behavior

Answer 87

inferential observation

Question 88

___________ and ________________are not good sources of quantitative data, however, they are best used to identify trends and themes

Answer 88

Surveys, questionnaires

Question 89

Some of the identified constraints associated in the conduct of action research include:

Answer 89

Time constraint, lack of research competence, lack of research interest, lack of confidence, lack of statistical skills, and lack of administrative support

Question 90

Unlike a formal research, ___________________________________________ are commonly used in action research

Answer 90

teacher-made or developed instruments

Question 91

In action research, teacher-researchers need to record data and reflect on it. To do this, they can keep a __________ and discuss it with a critical friend

Answer 91

journal

Question 92

When the demands or needs of the people in the future are projected in order to identify the needed resources, a _________________ can be utilized

Answer 92

trend analysis

Question 93

A means of gathering or validating data among subjects of the study through interaction and conversation

Answer 93

Focus Group Discussion

Question 94

A causal comparative research is also known as __________________________

Answer 94

ex-post facto research

Question 95

A type of research focuses on the effect and implications of the system or program on certain parameters of the beneficiaries that serve as an outcome

Answer 95

Impact Study

Question 96

To find or develop more suitable system or process, a ________________________ can be performed

Answer 96

development research

Question 97

An inquiry which combines or associates both quantitative and qualitative forms is termed as ____________________________

Answer 97

mixed methods research

Question 98

In a _____________________________, the researcher merges quantitative and qualitative data to comprehensively analyze the research problem

Answer 98

concurrent mixed method

Question 99

To identify the systematic manipulation of one variable or another variable, an ________________________ is used

Answer 99

experimental research

Question 100

A ___________________ involves the analysis and interpretation of recorded materials in their own context

Answer 100

content analysis

Question 101

It is used to deal with subjects who are part of a particular culture and possess specific behavioral patterns

Answer 101

Ethnography