Actions on Smooth Muscle

Question 1

Syndrome of hypersecretion of gastric acid and pepsin usually caused by gastrinoma; it is associated with severe peptic ulceration and diarrhea

Answer 1

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Question 2

Inhibitor of lipoxygenase

Answer 2

Zileuton

Question 3

Inhibitor of leukotrienes (LTD4) receptors and used in asthma

Answer 3

Zafirlukast and montelukast

Question 4

Reason ergot alkaloids are contraindicated in pregnancy

Answer 4

Uterine contractions

Question 5

Major indication for H1 receptor antagonist

Answer 5

Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction (allergic rhinitis, urticaria)

Question 6

5HT-1D/1B agonist used for migraine headaches

Answer 6

Sumatriptan, naratriptan, and rizatriptan

Question 7

Triptan available in parenteral and nasal formulation

Answer 7

Sumatriptan

Question 8

MOA and effect of nitric oxide

Answer 8

Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation

Question 9

Disease caused by excess ergot alkaloids

Answer 9

St. Anthony’s Fire

Question 10

Distribution of histamine receptors H1, H2, and H3

Answer 10

Smooth muscle and mast cells; stomach, heart, and mast cells; nerve endings, CNS respectively

Question 11

Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines

Answer 11

Sedation, anticholinergic

Question 12

Long acting beta 2 agonist used in asthma

Answer 12

Salmeterol

Question 13

Prostaglandins that cause abortions

Answer 13

Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol), PGE2, and PGF2alpha

Question 14

Enzyme which theophylline inhibits

Answer 14

Phosphodiesterase

Question 15

Approved for use in severe pulmonary HTN

Answer 15

PGI2 (epoprostenol)

Question 16

Used in pediatrics to maintain patency of ductus arteriosis

Answer 16

PGE1 (Alprostadil)

Question 17

Prostaglandin used as 2nd line treatment of erectile dysfunction

Answer 17

PGE1 (Alprostadil)

Question 18

Methylxanthine derivative used as a remedy for intermittent claudication

Answer 18

Pentoxifylline

Question 19

Agents for reduction of postpartum bleeding

Answer 19

Oxytocin and ergonovine

Question 20

Drug that causes contraction of the uterus

Answer 20

Oxytocin

Question 21

5HT-3 antagonist used in chemotherapeutic induced emesis

Answer 21

Ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron and palonosetron

Question 22

Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX

Answer 22

NSAIDS

Question 23

Drug used in ergot alkaloids overdose, ischemia and gangrene

Answer 23

Nitroprusside

Question 24

Receptors for serotonin (5HT-1) are located

Answer 24

Mostly in the brain, and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance

Question 25

Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug

Answer 25

LSD

Question 26

Major SE of zileuton

Answer 26

Liver toxicity

Question 27

5HT2 antagonist mediate synaptic excitation in the CNS and smooth muscle contraction

Answer 27

Ketanserin, cyproheptadine, and ergot alkaloids (partial agonist of alpha and serotonin receptors)

Question 28

Muscarinic antagonist used in COPD

Answer 28

Ipratropium, tiotropium

Question 29

MOA of corticosteroids

Answer 29

Induce lipocortins to 1. inhibit phospholipase A2, 2. repress COX-2 gene and enzyme expression, 3. repress cytokines that activate COX-2

Question 30

SE of ergot alkaloids

Answer 30

Hallucinations resembling psychosis

Question 31

Generation of antihistamine that has the most CNS effects

Answer 31

First generation due to being more lipid-soluble

Question 32

2nd generation antihistamines

Answer 32

Fexofenadine, loratadine, and cetirizine

Question 33

5ht-3 antagonist that has been MOST associated with QRS and QTc prolongation and should not be used in patients with heart disease

Answer 33

Dolasetron

Question 34

Antihistamine that is indicated for allergies, motion sickness, and insomnia

Answer 34

Diphenhydramine

Question 35

1st generation antihistamine that is highly sedating

Answer 35

Diphendydramine

Question 36

H1 antagonist used in motion sickness

Answer 36

Dimenhydrinate and other 1st generation

Question 37

H1 blocker that is also a serotonin antagonist

Answer 37

Cyproheptadine

Question 38

Agents used in treatment of carcinoid tumor

Answer 38

Cyproheptadine

Question 39

Difference between COX 1 and COX 2

Answer 39

COX 1 is constitutive while COX 2 may be induced during inflammation, although COX 2 is constitutive in some tissues

Question 40

H2 blocker that causes the most interactions with other drugs

Answer 40

Cimetidine

Question 41

1st generation antihistamine that is least sedating

Answer 41

Chlorpheniramine

Question 42

Drug that selectively inhibits COX 2

Answer 42

Celecoxib

Question 43

Drug causing depletion of substance P (vasodilator)

Answer 43

Capsaicin

Question 44

Dopamine agonist used in hyperprolactinemia

Answer 44

Bromocriptine

Question 45

Peptide causing increased capillary permeability and edema

Answer 45

Bradykinin and histamine

Question 46

Mediator of tissue pain, edema, inactivated by ACE, and may be a contributing factor to the development of angioedema

Answer 46

Bradykinin

Question 47

MOA action of cromolyn

Answer 47

Blocks opening of Cl channels to prevent mast cell degranulation

Question 48

Antidote for severe CV toxicity of theophylline

Answer 48

Beta blockers

Question 49

A class of endogenous substances that include histamine, serotonin, prostaglandins, and vasoactive peptides that work in autocrine or paracrine manner

Answer 49

Autacoids

Question 50

Irreversible, nonselective COX inhibitor

Answer 50

Aspirin (or other salicylates)

Question 51

Primary endogenous substrate for Nitric Oxidase Synthase

Answer 51

Arginine

Question 52

SE of long term (\>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy

Answer 52

Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly, respectively

Question 53

Clinical use for H2 blockers

Answer 53

Acid reflux disease, duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease