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NAPLEX Prep > ADHD > Flashcards

ADHD Flashcards

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1
Q

Sx of ADHD

A

Inattention
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity
Difficulty focusing
Easily distracted
Trouble staying still
Unable to control impulsive behavior

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2
Q

Why are stimulants the primary tx for ADHD

A

Block reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine

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3
Q

When is medication indicated for ADHD children? When they are younger?

A

≥6 YO

Younger: parent training, behavioral classroom interventions

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4
Q

How to diagnose inattention

A

≥6 sx of inattention up to 16 YO (≥5 if >17YO) must be present for ≥6 months

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5
Q

How to diagnose hyperactivity and impulsivity?

A

≥6 sx of inattention up to 16 YO (≥5 if >17YO) must be present for ≥6 months

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6
Q

Sx of inattention

A

Fails the pay attention
Trouble focusing
Fails to finish work
Disorganized
Doesn’t like mental effort
Loses things
Easily distracted

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7
Q

Sx of hyperactivity or impulsivity

A

Fidgets r squirms
On the go
Unable to be quiet
Blurts out answers
Trouble waiting
Interrupts or intrudes

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8
Q

Criteria for ADHD

A
  1. Several sx of inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive behavior were present before 12
  2. Sx are present in ≥2 settings (home and school)
  3. Sx interfere with functioning and not caused by other disorders
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9
Q

Natural products that may help with ADHD

A

Melatonin → insomnia due to stimulants

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10
Q

Patient-friendly formulations for stimulants

A
  1. Capsules can be opened
  2. Chewable
  3. ODT
  4. Patches
  5. Suspensions
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11
Q

First line stimulants

A

Methylphenidate
Lisdexamphetamine
Dextroamphetamine/Amphetamine

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12
Q

Methylphenidate

A

Concerta, Daytrana Ritalin, Jornay PM, QuilliChew, Quillivant

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13
Q

Lisdexamphetamine

A

Vyvanze

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14
Q

Dextroamphetamine/Amphetamine

A

Adderall, Mydayis

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15
Q

Non stimulants

A

Atomoxetine
Viloxazine

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16
Q

Atomoxetine

A

Strattera

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17
Q

Viloxazine

A

Qelbree

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18
Q

Add-on meds

A

Guanfacine ER
Clonidine ER

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19
Q

Guanfacine ER

A

Intuniv

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20
Q

Clonidine ER

A

Kapvay

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21
Q

Medications that are appropriate for insomnia while on stimulants

A

Clonidine IR
Melatonin
Diphenhydramine

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22
Q

Schedule class of Stimulants

23
Q

BBW of stimulants

Study These Flashcards
A

High potential for abuse and dependence

24
Q

CI of Stimulants

Study These Flashcards
A

Don’t take with MOAI (14 days) → hypertensive crisis

25
ADR of stimulants
↑ HR and BP →CV events Priapism, Raynauds Exacerbation of psychosis Loss in appetite → ↓ growth trajectory Lower sz threshold Visual disturbances Risk of serotonin syndrome
26
How often do you titrate stimulants? Taper?
Q7D as needed Doesn't need to be tapered off when used as directed
27
What is the starting dose of Ritlin
5 mg PO QAM
28
What tablets are in OROS formulations
Concerta
29
What is the starting dose of Concerta?
18-36 mg PO QAM
30
Formulation of Daytrana
Transdermal patch
31
Formulation of Concerta
OROS ER tablet
32
Formulation of Ritalin LA
ER capsules
33
Dosing of Jornay
QPM
34
ADR of stimulants
Insmonia ↓ apetite HA Irritability HTN and HR
35
What is an OROS tablet
The outer coat dissolves fast to provide immediate action → the rest slowly releases Eliminated as a ghost tablet ↓ abuse potenial
36
How to apply Daytrana
Apply to hip 2 hrs before desired effect → remove after 9 hrs ALternate hip QD Discard by flushing in toilet
37
Inactive ingredient in chewable tablets
Phenylalanine (avoid in PKU)
38
What is the active isomer of methylphenidate
Dexmethylphenidate
39
Dexmethylphenidate
Focalin
40
Serdexmethylphenidate/Dexmethylphenidate
Azstarys
41
Counseling on Adderall?
Don't take with acidic food (juice or vitamin C)
42
Formulations of Vyvanze
Chews, Capsules
43
Benefits of Vyvanze
Low abuse potential due to it being a prodrug If injected or snorted, the fast effect is muted
44
MOA of Atomoxetine and Viloxazine
Selective NE reuptake inhibitor
45
MOA of Clonidine and Guanfacine
Centrally-acting adrenergic-2 receptor agonists
46
BBW of Straterra and Qelbree
Suicidal ideations
47
CI of Straterra and Qelbree
MOAI → hypertensive crisis
48
ADR of Straterra and Qelbree
↓ appetite, insomnia, somnolence, dry mouth, ↑ BP and HR
49
Counseling of Straterra
While it is a capsule, it should not be opened contains and ocular irritant
50
When is Clonidine ER doses
QHS
51
Warning and ADR of Intuniv and Kapvay
Dose-dependent CV effects (bradycardia, hypotension, orthostasis) Sedation, drowsiness Rebound hypertension if DC'd abruptly Dry mouth, somnolence, fatigue, constipation
52
How do you adjust Intuniv for DDI
Double dose: CYP3A4 inducer Half-dose: CYP3A4 inhibitor
53
ADHD medications that cause drowsiness
Clonidine ER Guanfacine ER

NAPLEX Prep (66 decks)

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