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NAPLEX Prep > Sleep Disorders > Flashcards

Sleep Disorders Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Diagnosis of insomnia

A

S at least 3 times per week for at least 3 month despite adequate opportunity to sleep

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2
Q

Non drug treatment for insomnia

A

Cognitive behavioral therapy (preferred that includes sleep hygiene)
Discontinue medications that worsen insomnia

Melatonin, valerian, aka, chamomile

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3
Q

Drugs that can worsen insomnia

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Alcohol
Aripiprazole
Atomoxetine
Buproprion
Ceffiene
Decongestants
Diuretics
Fluoxetine
Nicotine
INSTIs
Steroids
Stimulants
Varencline

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4
Q

Sleep hygiene tips

A
  1. Keep bedroom dark
  2. Keep regular sleep schedule
  3. Avoid daytime naps
  4. Reserve the bedroom for sleep
  5. Turn the face of the clock
  6. If troubled, get up and do something to take your mind off sleep
  7. Establish a pre-bedtime ritual
  8. Avoid exercising before bed
  9. Don’t eat heavy meals before bedtime
  10. Don’t consume caffeine in the afternoon
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5
Q

Drugs that help patient fall asleep

A

Eszipiclone
Zolpidem
Ramelteon
Zaleplon

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6
Q

Drugs that help patient stay asleep

A

Eszipiclone
Zolpidem
Doxepin
Suvorexant

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7
Q

Drugs that help with both falling and staying asleep

A

Eszipiclone
Zolpidem

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8
Q

OTC for insomnia

A

Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine

But not recommended for chronic use (Benadryl, melatonin, trazodone, and valerian)

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9
Q

Hypnotics that are on the Beers

A

BZD
Non-BZD
First gen antihistamine

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10
Q

BZDs appropriate for ≥65YO

A

Lorazepam
Oxazepam
Temazepam

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11
Q

MOA of non-BZD hypnotics

A

Selectively act on BZD receptors to ↑ GABA → CNS depression

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12
Q

Non-BZD that are contolled

A

Eszipiclone
Zolpidem
Zaleplon

CIV

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13
Q

Eszipiclone

A

Lunesta

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14
Q

Zolpidem

A

Ambien (IR and ER tabs)
Edlaur (SL tabs)

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15
Q

Warning and ADRs of non-BZD hypnotics

A

CNS depression
Potential for abuse and dependence

Somnolence, DZ, ataxia, HA

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16
Q

Dosing of Zolpidem for females

A

5 mg PO/SL QHS

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17
Q

Dosing of zolpidem for older adults

A

5 mg PO/SL QHS

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18
Q

Dosing of zolpidem for males

A

5-10 mg PO /SL QHS

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19
Q

MOA of Suvorexant

A

Blocks the orexin neuropeptide signaling system to interfere with wakefulness

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20
Q

Types of orexin receptor antagonist

A

Daridorexant
Lemborexant
Suvorexant

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21
Q

Suvorexant

A

Belsomra

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22
Q

Lemborexant

23
Q

Daridorexant

24
Q

ADR of Orexxin receptor antagonsit

25
MOA of Ramelteon
Agonist of MT1 and 2 receptors to promote sleepiness and and regulate CR
26
Ramelteon
Rozerem
27
ADR of Ramelteon
Somnolence
28
TCA indicated for insomnia? How
Doxepin: block Ach and histamine receptors to induce drowsiness
29
Doxepine
Silenor
30
CI of Doxapin
Don't use thin 2 weeks of MAOI
31
ADR of Doxepin
Seizures
32
BZDs indicated for insomnia
Temazepam Esazolam Quazepam FLurazepa Triazolam
33
Temazepam
Restoril
34
BBW for BZDs
Avoid use with opioids → sedation, respiratory depression, death Risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction Physical dependence → withdrawal if not tapered slowly
35
CI of BZD
Pregnancy
36
ADR of BZD
Drowsiness, sz/fall risk, cognitive impairment
37
Doxylamine
Unisom Sleeptabs
38
ADR of antihistamine
Sedation Peripheral anticholinergic: urinary retention, dry mouth
39
CI of antihistamine
Glaucoma and BPH
40
What is restless leg syndrome
Urge to move the lower leg → creeping sensation, worse at night
41
What is the primary treatment for RLS
Dopamine agonist and gabapentin ER
42
Dopamine agonists for RLS
Pramipexole Ropinirole Rotigotine (Neupro)
43
What is narcolepsy
Excessive daytime sleepiness with cataplexy
44
Stimulants for narcolepsy
Dextromphetamine, Aderrall, Methylphenidate Modafinil Armodafinil
45
Schedule for modafinil
CIV
46
ADR of armodafinil and modafinil
Rash that can be life-threatening
47
Modafinil
Provigil
48
Armodafinil
Nuvigil
49
What is sodium oxybate
Derived from GABA → help with sleep at night and used with daytime stimulant
50
Sodium oxybate
Xylem. Lumryz
51
BBW of sodium oxybate
Is used illicitly to facilitate sexual assault Given through REMS
52
MOA of pirolisant
Histamine 3 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist
53
Solriamfetol MOA
Dopamine and NE reuptake inhibitor

NAPLEX Prep (70 decks)

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