Allergies

Question 1

Cold-like sx

Answer 1

1. Congestion
2. Rhinorrhea (runny nose)
3. Sneezing
4. Itchy eyes

Question 2

How to diagnose allergies

Answer 2

IgE-mediated skin prick test

Question 3

Non-drug treatment

Answer 3

Vacuuming
AQI
Pollen count

Question 4

Nasal irrigations

Answer 4

Ocean, Little Remedies, NeilMed Sinus Rinse (isotonic or hypertonic saline)

Question 5

Counseling on nasal irrigations

Answer 5

Avoid tap water
Use distilled or boiled water
Pour in one nostril is drains out the other

Question 6

First line for moderate-severe chronic allergies

Answer 6

Intranasal steroids

Question 7

First line for mild allergies

Answer 7

PO Antihistamine

Question 8

Budesonide

Answer 8

Rhinocort

Question 9

Fluticasone

Answer 9

Flonase

Question 10

Triamcinolone

Answer 10

Nasacart

Question 11

Mometasone

Answer 11

Nasonex

Question 12

ADR of IN steroid

Answer 12

Epistaxis

Question 13

IN steroid preferred in pregnancy

Answer 13

Budesonide, beclomethasone

Question 14

Counseling of IN steroid

Answer 14

Full effect in 1 week
Shake bottle well

Question 15

Benadryl can worsen what conditions

Answer 15

BPH, constpation, dementia, glaucoma

Question 16

Diphenhydramine

Answer 16

Benadryl

Question 17

Chlorpheniramine

Answer 17

Aller-Chlor

Question 18

Doxylamine

Answer 18

Unisom

Question 19

Dosing of Benadryl

Answer 19

25 mg PO Q4-6H, 50 mg PO Q6-8H

Question 20

Warning and ADR of first gen antihistamine

Answer 20

Somnolence, cognitive impairment, anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation)

Avoid in elderly and Children <2

Question 21

Cetirizine

Answer 21

Zyrtec

Question 22

Levocetririzine

Answer 22

Xyzal

Question 23

Fexofenadine

Answer 23

Allegra

Question 24

Loratadine

Answer 24

Claritin

Question 25

Antihistamine preferred in pregnancy

Answer 25

Zyrtec and Claritin

Question 26

Antihistamine with a fastest onset and better tolerated in patinets

Answer 26

Cetirizine and Levocetirizine

Question 27

More sedating 2nd antihistamine

Answer 27

Cetirizine and levocetirizine

Question 28

Less sedating 2nd gen antihistamine

Answer 28

Fexofenadine and loratidine

Question 29

Azelastine

Answer 29

Astepro

Question 30

Olopatadine

Answer 30

Patanase

Question 31

Decongestant types

Answer 31

Phenylephrine Pseudoephedrine

Question 32

Max amount of pseudophedrine

Answer 32

3.6 g/day and 9 g/30 days

Question 33

Phenylephrine

Answer 33

Sudafed PE

Question 34

Pseudophedrine

Answer 34

-D, Sudafed,Nexafed, Zephrex-dD

Question 35

CI of decongestants

Answer 35

14 days of MOAI

Question 36

Warning of decongestants

Answer 36

Avoid in children <2 (FDA), <4 (package insert)

Question 37

ADR of decongestants

Answer 37

Tachycardia, palpitations, Increased BP, insomnia, ↓ appetite Worsen CVD, BPH, urinary retention

Question 38

Can decongestants be used in pregnancy

Answer 38

Avoid in 1st trimester

Question 39

Oxymetazoline

Answer 39

Afrin

Question 40

ADR of Afrin

Answer 40

Rebound congestion if used longer than 3 days

Question 41

MOA of IN cromolyn

Answer 41

Mast cell stabilizer

Question 42

Indication for cromolyn

Answer 42

Pregnancy and children ≥2 YO

Question 43

MOA of Montelakast

Answer 43

Leukotrine modifying agent → asthma and allergies

Question 44

Counseling for allergy immunotherapy

Answer 44

Treatment minimum of 3 yrs 1. 1st dose is given in med office and patient is monitored for 30 days 2. Keep EpiPen close