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Flashcards in Alcohol Deck (6)
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1
Q

Ethanol

A
  • Membrane disordering or fluidizing effect (similar to anesthetics, may be responsible for toxicity)
  • Amphophile (both hydrophilic and lipophilic)
2
Q

Methanol

A
  • Denatures ethanol, industrial solvent, in windshield washer fluid
  • Acidosis and retinal damage probably due to formation of formic acid
  • Ethanol competes with metabolism of methanol, prevents formaldehyde and thus formic acid
3
Q

Ethylene glycol

A
  • Looks like water and tastes sweet
  • Parent drug and metabolites cause renal failure-blockade due to calcium oxalate crystals
  • Treat with ethanol!!
4
Q

Fomepizole

A

Inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase without getting person high, can be used for methanol poisoning. Test question.

5
Q

Disulfiram

A

Interferes with aldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to excessive acetaldehyde levels; makes them feel crappy when drinking.

6
Q

Naltrexone

A
  • Can be taken orally, opioids won’t work well

- Decreases alcoholics craving for alcohol