Eye Pharmacology Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Eye Pharmacology Deck (14)
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1
Q

Phenylephrine

A

-Alpha 1 agonist (mydriatic agent)

2
Q

Atropine

A
  • Muscarine antagonist (blocks parasympathetic activity)

- Mydriatic agent

3
Q

Amphetamine

A
  • Releases norepinephrine from post-ganglionic sympathetics

- Mydriatic agent if postganglionic nerve is present (because postganglionic nerve contains norepinephrine)

4
Q

Cocaine

A
  • Prevents norepinephrine uptake into the nerve
  • Mydriatic agent if nerves work
  • lack of pupil dilation indicates defect in sympathetic innervation (Horner Syndrome)
5
Q

What is a potential side effect of any mydriatic agent?

A

It can precipitate closed angle glaucoma

6
Q

Pilocarpine

A

-Muscarinic agonist (miotic agent)

7
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Muscarinic agonist (miotic agent)

8
Q

Terazosin

A

-Alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist (miotic agent)

9
Q

Physostigmine

A
  • Anticholinesterase

- Miotic agent

10
Q

Nicotine

A

-Miotic agent

11
Q

True or False, muscarinic agonists (miotic agents) enhance aqueous humor outflow.

A

True

12
Q

Latanaprost

A

-Enhances aqueous humor outflow because it is a prostaglandin derivative and it increases uveo-scleral outflow of aqueous humor (flow through the ciliary muscle)

13
Q

What are the treatments for glaucoma?

A
  • Pilocarpine (muscarinic agonists)
  • Latanaprost (prostaglandin derivative)
  • Epinephrine
  • Timolol (beta adrenergic antagonists)
  • Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitors)
14
Q

Botulinum toxin

A

Suppresses acetylcholine release from nerves. Relaxes skeletal muscle. Used to treat blephorospasm or strabismus.