Alimentary 2

Question 1

What is atresia coli?

Answer 1

Congenital anomalies

Complete occlusion/obliteration of the intestinal lumen

Question 2

What causes a prominent megacolon due to imperforate anus with concomitant recto-vaginal fistula

Answer 2

Atresia ani

Question 3

What is lethal white syndrome?

Answer 3

Congenital colonic agangliosis
-> autosomal recessive genetic disorder

Absence of myenteric and submucosal PS ganglia –> immobility and colic

Question 4

An acquired obstruction of the intestine that is composed of concentric lamellae of magnesium and ammonium phosphate

Answer 4

Enterolith

-> usually forms around a forigen body eg nail or wire

Question 5

What is a trichobenozar?

Answer 5

Hairball

-> usually in the forestomach and abomasum

Question 6

What is a phytobezoar?

Answer 6

Composed of mainly plant material impregnated with phosphate salts

Question 7

What parasite can be found in the intestine of horses and can cause obstruction? What kind of lesion do they cause?

Answer 7

Parascaris equorum

Catharral inflammation

Question 8

What are causes of acquired stenosis/stricture within the GI tract?

Answer 8

Penetrating wounds

Chronic salmonellosis–>thrombosis and embolism –> common to cause stricture at the transition to distal colon

Question 9

The protrusion of an organ or part of an organ/tissue through an abnormal opening

Answer 9

Hernia

Question 10

What is the difference between and internal and external hernia?

Answer 10

Internal- displaced through a foramina in the abdominal cavity

External- displacement outside the abdominal cavity

Question 11

In an external hernia, the contents are displaced inside a pouch called the _____________ which is composed of the peritoneum and the skin

Answer 11

Hernial sac

Question 12

If the displaced abdominal contents of a hernia are not covered by peritoneum, the lesion is called an ___________

Answer 12

Eventration

Question 13

What is the most common cause of intestinal ischemia ?

Answer 13

Venous infarction

Question 14

What is the difference between a torsion and a volvulus

Answer 14

Torsion-> twist about the long axis of the viscus

Volvulus-> twists of the intestine on its mesenteric axis

Question 15

Loop of intestine is edematous, congestion, and hemorrhagic
Wall is thickened
Deep red-black appearance

Answer 15

Venous infarction

Question 16

A diaphragmatic hernia can have what causes?

Answer 16

Congenital

Trauma

Question 17

Intestinal loops are passing through the greater and lesser omentum, through the epiploic foramen, what type of hernia is this?

Answer 17

Internal hernia

Question 18

Peduculated lipomas wrapped around loops of intestine cause __________

Answer 18

Strangulation and venous infarction

Question 19

If the intestine is rotated around its mesenteric axis, it is called ?

Answer 19

Volvulus

Question 20

If intestine is rotated along its longitudinal axis it is called?

Answer 20

Torsion

Question 21

Both volvulus and torsion result in the compressions of the ______________ arteries and veins resulting in ischemia

Answer 21

Mesenteric

Question 22

What is intussusception? What are possible competitions?

Answer 22

When intestine telescopes on itself

Pressure necrosis, bacterial and toxic
Fibrosis

Question 23

What do you call inflammation of the cecum?

Answer 23

Typhlitis

Question 24

Virus of cattle that causes multifocal necrotizing colitis and peyers patch necrosis?

Answer 24

Bovine viral diarrhea

Pestivirus

Question 25

Viral disease of ruminants causing a fibro-necrotizing vasculitis with prominent lymphocytic perivascular infiltrates

Answer 25

Malignant catarrhal fever | Gamma herpesvirus

Question 26

What is catarrhal inflammation?

Answer 26

Pattern of acute inflammation | Secretion or accumulation of a thick gelatinous fluid with mucus

Question 27

Catarrhal inflammation is most common in what tissue type?

Answer 27

Tissues with abundant goblet cells and mucus glands | GI and respiratory

Question 28

What is malignant catarrhal fever?

Answer 28

Fatal, multisystemic disease of cattle and small ruminatns Targets lymphoid organs and epithelial tissues (musical ulceration) --> lymphoproliferative, vasculitis, and erosive to ulcerative mucosal lesions. Gamma herpesvirus

Question 29

Common cause of neonatal diarrheal in calves due to severe villous atrophy and fusion.

Answer 29

Bovine coronavirus

Question 30

What is the infectious agent responsible for causing transmissible gastro-enteritis (TGE) in piglets?

Answer 30

Porcine coronavirus

Question 31

Coronavirus predominately replicates in _____________

Answer 31

Enterocytes --> causes very thin walled intestine

Question 32

_________ causes diarrhea in young animals by causing damage to surface enterocytes resulting in villous atrophy

Answer 32

Rotavirus

Question 33

Dog Diffuse, segmental hyperemic Formation of diphtheria membrane What is the cause?

Answer 33

Canine parvovirus

Question 34

Cat Segmental fibrinolysis-hemorrhagic enteritis

Answer 34

Panleukopenia (feline parvovirus)

Question 35

Cat Fibrinous to granulomatous serositis Protein rich effusions in body cavities and granulomatous inflammatory lesions in several organs

Answer 35

Feline infectious peritonitis Feline coronavirus

Question 36

What are the three immune reactions to feline infectous peritonitis?

Answer 36

Strong cell-mediated -> replication is terminated Weak cell mediated -> persist in macrophage -> pyogranulomatous (non effusive) No cell mediated -> viremia -> fibrinonecrotic peritonitis and vasculitis (effusive)

Question 37

What is the cause of edema disease in pigs?

Answer 37

Verotoxogenic Ecoli | -> endothelial cell injury in arteries -> fluid loss and edema

Question 38

In pig, Red and hemorrhagic intestines in the best, fastest growing pigs Also swelling of the eyelids

Answer 38

Edema disease (vertoxic ecoli)

Question 39

T/F: E.coli and closteridal enterotoxemia affect the best nourished animals

Answer 39

True

Question 40

________________ bacteria produces and angiotoxin wihich causes intestinal lesions and symmetrical encephalomalacia in sheep

Answer 40

C. Perfringens type D

Question 41

Chicken Necrotic vili lined by gram positive bacilli, colonizing the apical border

Answer 41

Clostridum perfrignens type A

Question 42

What is the main target of clostridum piliforme?

Answer 42

Liver | Tyzzer's disease

Question 43

What infection of horses is often associated with antibiotic therapy or dietary changes?

Answer 43

Clostridum perfringens type A or clostridum difficile -> typhocolitis

Question 44

What lesions does salmonellosis cause int he intestine?

Answer 44

Edema and hemorrhage | Fibro-necrotizing entero-colitis

Question 45

In a pig, | Button ulcers and rectal strictures are manifestations of ??

Answer 45

Chronic salmonellosis

Question 46

What causes a cerebriform appearance of the intestine of a pig? What is the MDx?

Answer 46

Lawsonia intracellularis Proliferative ileitis

Question 47

What is the disease name for proliferative ileitits caused by lawsonia intracellularis in a pig?

Answer 47

Porcine proliferative enteropathy

Question 48

What form of porcine proliferative enteropathy has hemorrhage within the lumen of the ileum?

Answer 48

Proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy

Question 49

Swine dysentery is caused by ?? What kind of lesions does it cause?

Answer 49

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Large bowel diarrhea with mucous and blood Fribronecrotizing

Question 50

What bacteria causes enterocolitis in young horses?

Answer 50

Rhodococcus equi

Question 51

Rhodococcus equi is associated with what lesions in the intestines?

Answer 51

Ulcerative and pyogranulomatous Prominent regional lymphadentitis

Question 52

Chronic debase in ruminants that is characterized by interemittent to progressive diarrhea, followed by hypoproteinemia, cachexia, emacitaion, and death

Answer 52

Johne's disease (paratuberculosis)

Question 53

Histology of cow intestine.. Blunt atrophic ileal villi, hyperplastic crypts Heavy inflammatory infiltrate in lamina propria and submucosa

Answer 53

Jonhes disease (paratuberculosis)

Question 54

Boxer dog Thickened and ulcerated intestinal mucosa Histology -> severe loss of glandular structure and cellular infiltration with macrophages

Answer 54

Granulomatous colitis | AKA histiocytic ulcerative colitis

Question 55

Granulomatous colitis in boxers appears to be associated with intramucosal colonization by specific strains of _________

Answer 55

E.coli

Question 56

What blood sucking parasites cause significant aneimia and hypoproteineia in puppies

Answer 56

Hookworms Ancylostoma caninum Uncinaria stenocephala

Question 57

What cestode can be found within the oleo-cecal valve in the horse?

Answer 57

Anaplocephala perfroliata

Question 58

What parasite of the cecum and colon cause bloody diarrhea, weight loss, dehydration, and anemia

Answer 58

Trichuris spp

Question 59

What causes milk spot liver in pigs?

Answer 59

Ascaris suum -> capsular fibrosis

Question 60

Cryptococcus is usually associated with what animals?

Answer 60

Immunosuppressed or young | Eg calf without colostrum

Question 61

Crytococcus colonized ??? What clinical disease does it cause?

Answer 61

Apical surface of enterocytes -> intracellular but extracytoplasmic Malabsorption due to destruction of microvilli

Question 62

___________ protozoa causing proliferative, hemorrhagic, and necrotizing entertitis in calf

Answer 62

Coccidiosis

Question 63

Most primary tumors of the intestine are _________

Answer 63

Carcinomas

Question 64

What is the most common neoplasm in cats? The highest alimentary form of this tumor is present in the cat

Answer 64

Lymphosarcoma

Question 65

T/F: gastric carcinomas are more common in cats than dogs?

Answer 65

False | Dogs>cat

Question 66

T/F:Intestinal and colonic adenocarcinomas are more common in cats than dogs

Answer 66

True