Male Reproduction

Question 1

Where does maturation and maintenance of the sperm take place

Answer 1

Epididymis

Question 2

When making a tissue preparation of a testicle, how should you make you sections?

Answer 2

Longitudinal sagital section

Bread loaf

Question 3

Is autolysis more prevalent in rams or bulls?

Answer 3

Rams

Question 4

Where are the sperm produced?

Answer 4

Seminiferous tubules

Question 5

Interstitial cells produce what hormone? What is another name for the interstitial cells?

Answer 5

Testosterone

Leydig cells

Question 6

What do you call an animal that has testicles but has the external genitalia of a female

Answer 6

Male pseudohermaphrodites

Question 7

Is segmental aplasia of the epididymis a significant finding

Answer 7

No, incidental finding

Question 8

What are the 4 main disease of the scrotum

Answer 8

Dermatitis
Scirrhous cord
Varicocele
Neoplasia

Question 9

What is varicocele ?

Answer 9

Dilation of the spermatic vein/ pampifniform plexus/ cremasteric veins

Question 10

What is a scirrhous cord? What species and bacterial do we usually see this in?

Answer 10

Fibrous granulation tissue causing enlargement of the spermatic cord caused by bacterial infection

Horse>staphylococcus infection

Question 11

What diseases can affect the tunica vaginalis?

Answer 11

Inflammation -> direct extensions from orchitis, epididymis, or scrotal dermatitis

Tumors Eg mesothelioma

Question 12

What do you call a congenital conditons where one or both testis fails to descend to the scrotum

Answer 12

Cryptorchidism

-> fail to produce sperm and prone to testicular neoplasia or torsion of the spermatic chord

In abdomen or inguinal canal

Question 13

What do you call the failure of growth of a testicles

Answer 13

Testicular hypoplasia

-bilateral or unilateral

Question 14

What are causes of testicular degeneration?

Answer 14

Thermal
Cryptorchidims
Hypoplasia
Chemical

Question 15

In testicular degeneration, ________________ separates the seminiferous tubules causing spermatogenic arrest

Answer 15

Intersitial fibrosis

Also can see multinucleated spermatids

Question 16

What bacterial infections can cause orchitis?

Answer 16

Brucella
Pseudomonas
Mycobacterium
Nocardia

Question 17

Sterility from orchitis is a result of?

Answer 17

Tubular damage
Increased temperature 
Pressure atrophy/necrosis 
Bacterial toxin/cytokine production 
Pus in ejaculate 
Duct blockage

Question 18

What do you call inflammation of the epididymis?

Answer 18

Epididymitis

Question 19

What is a sperm granuloma?

Answer 19

A foreign body inflammatory rxn to sperm that have escaped the tubular structures

May be seen in epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate

Question 20

What cells are present in a sperm granuloma

Answer 20

Macrophages and multinucleated giant cells coming into contact with spermatozoa

Question 21

What are the 4 types of testicular neoplasia ?

Answer 21

Interstitial cell tumors
Seminoma
Sertoli cell
Teratoma

Question 22

A seminoma is a tumor of what type of cells?

Answer 22

Spermatogoinia (germ cells)

Question 23

What is a predisposing factor for seminoma?

Answer 23

Cryptorchidims

Question 24

T/F: seminomas are usually metastatic and have effects on the endocrine system

Answer 24

False

Rarely metastatic
No endocrine effect

Question 25

Dog Well circumscribed mass in the testicles White and homogenous Resembles neoplasic lymphoid tissue

Answer 25

Seminoma

Question 26

Leydig cell tumors are most commonly seen in what sp?

Answer 26

Dog

Question 27

What effects will an leydig cell tumor have?

Answer 27

Secrete androgen | Prostate hyperplasia

Question 28

Dog Well demarcated, yellow-tan mass Histo shows Cells are arranged in packets surrounding a fine stroma typical of endocrine cells. Cells are vacuolated

Answer 28

Intersitial (leydig) cell tumor Vacuolation and yellow colour due to hormone production

Question 29

Dog Cryptorchid testicle with a well demarcated, firm white mass Dog has atrophy of mammary gland and teat enlargement Swelling of the prepuce Symmetrical alopecia

Answer 29

Sertoli cell tumor Production of estrogen causes feminization of the male

Question 30

Young horse Mass in testis containing CT tissue, bone, cartilage, muscle, and hair

Answer 30

Teratoma

Question 31

What are the accessory glands?

Answer 31

Prostate Seminal vesicle Bulbourethral glands

Question 32

What accessory glands are found in the horse, bovine, and pig?

Answer 32

Prostate Seminal vesicles Bulbourethral

Question 33

What accessory glands are found in the cat?

Answer 33

Prostate | Bulbourethral

Question 34

What accessory glands are found i the dog?

Answer 34

Prostate

Question 35

What do you call the reeducation in size and cell number of the prostate, usually occurring following castration

Answer 35

Prostatic atrophy

Question 36

What is usually the cause of prostatic hyperplasia?

Answer 36

Hormonal imbalances See glandular hyperplasia and multiple cyst formations

Question 37

What do you call inflammation of the prostate

Answer 37

Acute and chronic prostatitis

Question 38

In a histopathology of a prostate ... You see that the columnar epithelial cells have changed to squamous What is this caused by?

Answer 38

Caused by estrogen - sertoli cell tumors - estrogen administration

Question 39

What do you call a connection between ventral penis and the prepuce causing penile deviation

Answer 39

Persistent frenulum

Question 40

What congenital defect causes incomplete fusion of the urethral folds

Answer 40

Hyposadia Non fused prepuce, scrotum and urethral opening on the ventral side

Question 41

What do you call narrowing of the preputial orfice preventing protrusion of the penis?

Answer 41

Phimosis

Question 42

What do you call narrowing of preputial orifice preventing retraction of an already protruded penis?

Answer 42

Paraphimosis

Question 43

Inflammation of the glans penis

Answer 43

Balanitis

Question 44

Inflammation of the prepuce

Answer 44

Posthitis

Question 45

What virus of horse cause disease of the penis and prepuce with ulcers that heal leaving unpigmented skin

Answer 45

Equine herpes virus 3 (equine coital exanthema)

Question 46

In sheep what bacteria causes a granulomatous mass on the penis or prepuce

Answer 46

Corynebacterium

Question 47

Bovine herpes virus 1 will cause what disease of the penis in bulls?

Answer 47

Balanoposthitis Inflammation of both glans penis and prepuce

Question 48

In a dog Penis has a large multinodular mass i Histopathology shows Round, uniform sided cells, arranged in packets and a fine fibrous stroma Dx

Answer 48

Transmissible venereal tumor