Anaemia Flashcards
(17 cards)
General pathophysiology
Results from reduction of RBC
Results in lack of O2 to tissues and organs
- decreased function and eventually failure
General aetiology
Due to increased loss or reduced production
Usually secondary to another condition causing
- haemorrhage
- haemolysis
- suppressed production
Pathophysiology of regenerative
Increase loss due to haemorrhage or haemolysis
Marrow replaces loss
Aetiology of regenerative (3)
Acute/chronic haemorrhage
Bleeding disorders
Haemolysis
Causes of haemolysis (3)
Infectious disease
Poisoning/drug toxicity
Neoplasia
Pathophysiology of non-regenerative
Marrow fails to replace losses
Who is more affected by non-regenerative and why
Cats
Often complication of CRF
- decrease erythropoietin production
Aetiology of non-regenerative (2)
Secondary to other conditions
Causes by toxin/drug
Pathophysiology of primary IMHA
Immune system produces antibodies which target antigens of RBC triggering destruction
Continual production
Pathophysiology of secondary IMHA
RBC modified
Recognised as foreign and destroyed
Continual production
Aetiology of primary IMHA (1)
Usually idiopathic
Aetiology of secondary IMHA (6)
Incompatible transfusion Cancer Infection Blood parasite Drug reaction Chemical exposure
Clinical signs - general (8)
Pale MMs, normal CRT Weakness/lethargy Syncope Petechiation Tachycardia Murmur Dyspnoea Jaundice
Diagnosis (11)
Hx/cs/exam Haem - pcv/smear/TRBCC/MCV/MCHC Biochem and SG - check for CRF Faecal analysis - occult blood/parasites Serology for infectious disease
Infectious disease which should be tested for (3)
FIA
FIV
FeLV
Specific tests for non-regenerative and IMHA
NRA
- bone marrow biopsy
IMHA
- Coombes
Conditions/factors which NRA secondary to (6)
Renal failure FIV Neoplasia Hypothyroidism Radiation Malnutrition
